The Development Of Military Geography In Modern China (1867-1949)

In the process of western learning to the east,after a series of differentiation and reconstruction,Chinese traditional knowledge gradually formed a modern academic subdiscipline system based on Western learning.Military geography also completed the transition from "traditional knowledge" to "modern discipline" during this time.This dissertation takes the development of military geography in modern China as the research object and attempts to make a macroscopic survey under the historical context of academic transformation in modern China and the era background of saving the nation with academic.In addition to the introduction,conclusion part,this dissertation including five chapters.The first chapter “‘Criss-cross' : the Early Interaction between Military Science and Geography(1867-1931)”,tells the germination and early development of military geography in modern China.It holds that the military geography originated in China's modern military science attaches great importance to geography and is closely related to the process of China's military modernization.At the same time,it was highly concerned by Chinese modern geography,which carries the concept of “JingShiZhiYong” and saving the nation with academic in the beginning.Chapter Two: “‘Gathering into a Stream': Development of Military Geography during the War of Resistance Against Japan(1931-1945)” and Chapter Three: “Outline of Wartime Military Geography: Military Geography as a ‘Discipline' and Military Geographical Research as an ‘Application'”,tells the great development of military geography during the Anti-Japanese War.The outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression aroused great enthusiasm in researching military geography among Chinese scholars,and promoted the military geography develop into a complete-system and practical "independent" discipline gradually.Chapter Four: “‘Aftermath': Development of Military Geography during 1945-1949”,tells the development of military geography during the period from the end of Anti-Japanese War to the founding of People's Republic of China.The victory of the War of Resistance brought the craze of military geography research to a gradual subsidence.However,under the mentality of internal and external disturbances and the precautionary attitude,there were still some works of military geography appearing during this period.The research on the geo-defense of the border areas became the focus of this period.Chapter Five: “‘The Way to Save the Nation: Hu Huanyong's study on Military Geography”,takes Hu Huanyong and his study on military geography as a concrete case to give a glimpse of the development of military geography in modern China and the driving force behind it.