Research On The Optimization Strategy Of Lanzhou Urban Park Based On Recreation Opportunity Spectrum Theory

With the continuous development of urbanization,People's lifestyles have taken place great changes.The urban park is not only a place for the citizens to watch the scenery,but also more take the function of the leisure and recreation for the citizens.Urban parks are important areas for citizens' daily leisure and recreation.However,with the impact of urbanization and marketization,there are many misunderstandings and drawbacks in the construction of urban parks,so that the decline of urban park utilization and the decrease of residents' quality of life.Therefore,Scientific planning and rational use of urban parks have gradually attracted wide attention from the urban construction department and academia..To explore the problems in the construction and management of urban parks,it is significant to scientifically guide the visitors use of urban parks and improve recreational experience for the sustainable development of urban parks.The paper selects the agedness park,Yantan Park and Wuquanshan Park as typical case for study.From 2016 to 2017,the present situation of recreational activities of urban parks of three different types was observed and investigated by the questionnaire in Lanzhou.The material environment,recreational activities and management status of three urban parks are summarized,Based on the theory of recreation opportunity spectrum,the recreation opportunity spectrum of Lanzhou city park is constructed,The material environment,management and recreation activities of three different types of urban parks were scientifically evaluated,and calculated scores for three urban parks' recreational opportunity in Lanzhou.On this basis,based on the constituent factors of urban parks' recreational opportunity spectrum theory,It is put forward separately the optimization strategies of physical environment,recreation activities and management status of Lanzhou urban parks.The conclusions of the paper are summarized as follows:1)Through the social questionnaire survey,it was analyzed present situation of recreation activities of three different types of urban parks in Lanzhou.The results show that The difference of basic characteristics is great for the three different types of urban parks in Lanzhou;Main recreational ways of urban park visitors is walk and take the bus in Lanzhou,and recreational park time is mainly in the afternoon;There are significant differences in the proportion of visitors' Park stay time and purpose in three different types of parks;The satisfaction of the tourists to the three urban parks was not high,such as,number,location and maintenance of infrastructure.The total satisfaction of visitors to the number,position and maintenance of urban park facilities was 43.8%,33.3% and 42.9%;The satisfaction of the tourists to the management of three different types of urban parks was significant.Satisfaction of management situation to highest is the Wuquanshan park,second is the agedness park,the lowest for Yantan park.2)It was set up the recreation opportunities pedigree of urban parks,and was calculated the weight of the recreational opportunities in urban parks.First,it analyzes the importance of the theory of recreation opportunity spectrum to the research of urban parks,and then validates the suitability of the theory in urban parks,thus survey and define the spectrum factors of urban parks' recreation opportunities.By using the analytic hierarchy process,we divide the recreational opportunities pedigree of urban parks,build 3 three level branches of the two level factors,8 three level factors and 30 indicators,and calculate the weight of the three factor of recreation opportunity spectrum.3)It was constructed recreation opportunity pedigree of three different types of urban parks in Lanzhou,and obtained score for three urban parks' recreation opportunities.Based on the theory of recreation opportunity spectrum and the practice of Lanzhou urban parks,it is built pedigree of recreational opportunities for Lanzhou urban parks;It adopt recreational opportunity score model of three Lanzhou urban parks obtained recreation opportunity score.The results show that the difference of recreation opportunity scores of three urban park.Wuquanshan park more than Yantan park than agedness park.Among,the agedness park recreation opportunity score is 64.9,the recreation opportunity belongs to the fitness recreation area,Yantan park recreation opportunity score is 79.3,belongs to higher fitness recreation area,and Wuquanshan park recreation opportunities is score 88.9,belongs to the high fitness recreation area.4)According to the construction and development of Lanzhou urban Park,it put optimization strategy of Lanzhou city park.In view of the three components of the recreation opportunity spectrum in Lanzhou city park,the strategies are proposed.(1)The material environment system should be perfected,including spatial distribution of park,garden pavement,service facilities,arrangement of plants and barrier free design;(2)To improve the recreational activities system,we should improving the diversity of recreational activities and the experience of recreational activities;(3)The perfect management system,including system management,interpretation and safety management,maintenance management and environmental management.