| In the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China has seized the opportunities of economic globalization and vigorously developed the export-oriented economy.It has made remarkable achievements and practical experience.At present,in the face of sluggish global economic development and the situation in which the domestic economy has entered the “new normal”,the port as an outlet-oriented economy is particularly important for the sustained,stable and healthy development of the economy.After many years of construction,China’s ports have achieved rapid development,but ports are also facing problems such as vicious competition and disorderly development,which is not conducive to the stable development of the export-oriented economy.Therefore,it is of great significance to promote the foreign trade and economic development of our country by grasping the evolution process and distribution characteristics of the port system,making the port positioning clear and promoting the comprehensive function of the port.In this paper,we investigate the characteristics of the scale distribution and evolution trajectory of the port system in Bohai Rim and Yangze River Delta,and compare the evolutionary differences between them using the rank-size law,the kernel density and other methods.The port cargo throughput and the container throughput are used as an indicator.Some results are obtained as follows:(1)The port system in the Bohai Rim has experienced four stages:(a)balanced development of ports with high rank order,(b)breakthrough of small and medium ports,(c)differential development of large,medium and small ports,(d)port integration under the competition and cooperation of hub ports.The change track of the rank size distribution of the port container throughput has also experienced four stages:(a)external segmentation development,(b)formation of the hub port and the integration of emerging ports,(c)large scale of feeder port,(d)integration of the container network.(2)There are three clear characteristics of the port rank-size evolution in the Bohai Rim region:(a)The dominant role of large ports is obvious under natural and economic geography.(b)The regional and competitive pressures force port cooperation and promote port to achieve self-organizing coordination.(c)The output characteristics and the transformation of the energy promote the rapid growth of emerging ports.(3)The change track of the rank-size distribution of the port container throughput has experienced four stages:(a)initial development stage,(b)weaker decentralized situation,(c)constant adjustment period,(d)Accelerating the process of port integration.The container port system has experienced four stages:(a)distinct differences in Port Development,(b)previews of multi-level container port system,(c)Continuous strengthening of hub port status,(d)Decentralization development under Integration and coordination of port resources.(4)The function of the evolution of the port system in the Yangtze River Delta region is manifested in four aspects:(a)Leading role of hub port.(b)Application of Container Technology,(c)The development of urban agglomerations and the shift of economic belt,(d)Optimization of port network and logistics space organization.(5)The Bohai Rim Port Group and the Yangtze River Delta Port Group have differences in the regionalization process.The ports of the three major hubs in the Bohai Rim take the form of a combined port and incorporate the surrounding small and medium-sized ports into the combined transport system.The container transportation and the logistics space operation and organization network behind it are the decisive factors for the regionalization of the port.The Yangtze River Delta port has an offshore hub in terms of regionalization process,enabling it to connect with neighboring small and medium-sized ports to form feeder feeders.Between the hub ports,the feeder ports and the hub ports,Between the feeder ports will develop together through continuous cooperation. |
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