| Houses,as the basic means of livelihood for humans and the places for people to stand and live,are not only the basic premise of human survival and development but also the key to a prosperous,contented harmonious and stable life for people.with the sustained and stable growth of our economic level,the housing level of residents has been constantly raised and the housing conditions of urban residents have been significantly improved.However,a fair number of urban low-income groups in China are still facedwith housing problems such as having no houses and living in dangerous houses,which have to be solved.At present,China has constructed a relatively comprehensive multi-level housing security system.As an important component,affordable housing,which depends on the support of national welfare policies and keeps increasing the supply of urban houses,has turned into a main way to solve the housing problems of medium and low-income earners.Therefore,the study of the development and evolution process of affordable housing and its existing problems of evolution from the perspective of multi-scale can not only help people realize the rules of development and change of affordable housing objectively,but also have great significance for further research about the implementation and effects of Chinese housing security system.Firstly,the paper,taking Changsha as an example,proposes the “multi-scale” research method and emphasizes the coupling of urban spatial layout and building functions of the affordable housing,in order to realize the maximization of its comprehensive potential in economy and welfare,based on the problems including spatial distribution and building functions of affordable housing in the process of development according to related domestic and foreign studies.Secondly,the paper,based on the sample distribution data of affordable housing in Changsha City in 2000,2005,2010,2014 from the perspective of urban scale,applies GIS spatial analysis tool and shows the evolution process of spatial distribution of affordable housing in Changsha City,through a quantitative analysis on the evolution direction,spatial aggregation degree and the degree of scale change of affordable housing in the central urban area of Changsha City.From the scale of single building,the paper takes architectural form,the standards of housing area and housing funct ions as indicators,demonstrates the changing process of evolution and development of its single building with the method of comparative analysis.In concrete terms,the spatial distribution of affordable housing is centralized on the whole and diffused in other areas.What is more obvious is that the spatial distribution of affordable housing takes the Second Ring Road as the gathering ring and transportation routes as the guide,spreading to the Third Ring Road of the city along Sanyi Avenue,Yuelu Avenue and Furong Road,which mainly evolves to the west and southeast.Thus,the spatial distribution pattern of “marginalization” and “centralization” are formed day by day,accompanied by high-rise buildings and gradually standardized housing functions.Throug h analyzing and perceiving the development and evolution process of affordable housing,this paper summarizes and concludes the evolution characteristics in the aspect of the spatial distribution,evolution model,spatial variation,site selection and architectural form,housing area and plane functions of affordable housing from the perspective of urban scale and the scale of single building respectively.Based on the above empirical research,this paper points out that the main problems faced by affordable housing in the process of development and evolution including being far away from public transport,infrastructure facilities and main employment places,the differentiation of living space and social differentiation resulting from group agglomeration,the mismatching between the size and specific standards of housing area as well as the standardization and simplification of housing model.According to above-mentioned problems,this paper puts forward strategies and suggestions of strengthening and perfecting the spatial distribution and interior design of affordable housing in Changsha City through enhancing policy regulations,encouraging mixed habitation,improving construction patterns,reinforcing t raffic guide and establishing multivariate housing models. |
