Research On Task Allocation And Cost Sharing Of Carbon Emission Reduction In Chinese Provinces From The Perspective Of Efficiency And Consumption

Coping with climate change has become a global public problem.Reducing carbon emissions and promoting low-carbon development have become the consensus of all countries in the world.As the largest developing country,in recent decades,driven by urbanization and industrialization,China’s economy has continued to grow,resulting in more and more energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions.China’s government is facing great pressure on carbon emission reduction.Carbon emission needs the common attention and participation of all people,including producers and consumers.Although carbon emission mostly occurs in the production field,production activities are ultimately to provide various products and services to meet people’s material and spiritual consumption needs.Starting from the consumption side,it is also of great significance for carbon abatement work to promote low-carbon consumption behavior and seek green and sustainable consumption by influencing people’s consumption concept.First of all,the nonparametric distance function method is used to calculate the marginal carbon reduction cost of different provinces,and calculate the marginal carbon reduction efficiency of different provinces.Then,this paper constructs the relationship matrix between production and consumption,decomposes the residents’ consumption of each production industry in the input-output data into different types of residents’ consumption,and uses the cross-entropy method to systematically optimize this relationship.At the same time,the capital formation is regarded as a kind of reinvestment in the current production,and the traditional Leontief inverse matrix is improved.Finally,the Input-Output model to measure the carbon emissions in the whole production cycle of China’s residents’ consumption is obtained.In addition,using the method of LMDI to decompose the driving factors of carbon emissions in the whole production cycle of China’s residents’ consumption,five factors are selected,which are consumption carbon intensity,consumption structure,income level,urbanization level and population scale.Finally,based on the research and analysis of carbon emission reduction efficiency in different provinces,the function relationship between marginal carbon emission reduction cost and carbon emission reduction in different provinces is fitted by using the estimated marginal carbon emission reduction cost,and then an optimized efficiency improvement model based on the minimum total cost of carbon emission reduction is proposed.At the same time,in order to reflect the guiding role of household consumption in carbon emission reduction,this paper designs a comprehensive sharing index based on consumption and production to share the total cost of carbon emission reduction in different provinces,in order to achieve the dual principles of fairness and effectiveness.The results show that:(1)The change trend of carbon marginal abatement efficiency in different years of each province also shows obvious differences.The carbon marginal abatement efficiency of individual province is decreasing year by year,while the carbon marginal abatement efficiency of most provinces is increasing year by year,but the overall average level of the whole country is rising.(2)During 2002-2012,the total carbon emissions of residents in most provinces of China showed a stable growth trend,while the carbon emissions of residents in a few provinces were slightly different in each year.In China,the consumption carbon emissions of urban and rural residents and the consumption type carbon emissions show a stable growth trend,and the consumption carbon emissions and growth rate of urban residents are generally higher than that of rural residents.(3)According to the economic development level and carbon marginal abatement efficiency of different provinces and regions,the task of carbon abatement is redistributed.Under the condition that the total national carbon abatement remains unchanged,by optimizing the carbon abatement and carbon abatement cost in different provinces and regions,the regions with higher marginal abatement cost can reduce abatement cost by a large margin,and the regions with lower marginal abatement cost can reduce abatement cost by a large margin,so as to ensure the total abatement remains unchanged.(4)The final cost is measured according to the consumption level and economic development level of different provinces,so the higher the consumption level and economic development level,the higher the carbon abatement cost that should be shared.The compensation cost is based on the principle of fairness for those provinces with heavy abatement tasks,so the more abatement,the higher the financial compensation.The additional cost is based on the principle of responsibility sharing,which requires the provinces with few or no abatement tasks to bear certain responsibilities.Although they do not need to carry out abatement,they need to give certain financial compensation to other provinces.For the huge pressure of China’s carbon abatement,only through the joint efforts of producers and consumers,can we curb the current growth trend of China’s carbon emissions and fulfill the commitments of the Chinese government on carbon abatement.Therefore,the Chinese government needs to be aware of the importance of household consumption in carbon abatement when studying and formulating policies related to carbon abatement.Only by actively guiding the consumption of residents,improving the consumption structure of residents,promoting the residents to consciously choose low-carbon products for consumption,restraining the consumption of high-carbon products,and giving full play to the basic role of consumption in the market,can China’s carbon abatement work be effectively achieved.This article has a total of 6 figures,17 tables and 105 references.