Provincial Eco-efficiency Research In China Based On Carbon Emissions Constraints

The arrival of industrial civilization has promoted the rapid development of the world economy.At the same time,the negative environmental effect brought by the rapid economic development has gradually emerged.In C hina,since the reform and opening up,the national economy maintain rapid growth as a whole,people’s living standards continue to increase.But at the same time,we should also see that a series of problems such as waste of resources,environmental pollution and ecological destruction are becoming more and more serious,which seriously hinders the sustainable and healthy development of our country’s eco nomy.In this context,the ecological development has become the inevitable choice of China’s economic development in the future.The core of ecological development is to realize the economic development while paying attention to the protection of ecological environment and the conservation of resources and energy,and promote the coordination of economy,society,resources and environmental protection.Therefore,it is important to evaluate the eco-efficiency of the 30 provinces and autonomous regions in C hina,and to evaluate the economic benefits while taking into account the ecological and environmental benefits,which is of great significance to the realization of sustainable development of China’s economy,by changing the evaluation model of traditiona l single pursuit of economic efficiency.This paper focuses on how to choose the scientific method to evaluate the eco-efficiency of 30 provinces in China.The following research work is carried out in this paper:（1）Summarize the ecological efficiency and related theories,introduce the concept and development of eco-efficiency,and then introduce the main methods of ecological efficiency research,including single ratio method,index analysis method and comprehensive model method;Ecological efficiency in the enterprise level,industry or industry level,the regional level of the application to elaborate;Finally,the ecological efficiency of the process encountered in the treatment of undesirable output methods were introduced.（2）Constructing the inter-provincial eco-efficiency evaluation index system,selecting "water consumption","energy consumption" and "the number of employees" as the input indicators,select the "regional GDP" Four indicators of "waste-water discharge","emissions","solid waste generation" and "CO₂ emissions" were selected as indicators of undesirable output.（3）Appraise the ecological efficiency of 30 provinces and autonomous regions in China from 2006 to 2014 by using the SBM model with non-expected outputs.In the evaluation process,the ecological efficiency will be evaluated by using the actual carbon emission as the output target,and then the carbon emission target constraint and the actual carbon emission will be taken into consideration.The ratio of carbon emission to target carbon emission is substituted for the actual carbon emission as the unintended output index to evaluate the eco-efficiency.Finally,the advantage of this method is explained.The results show that the spatial distribution of ecological efficiency o f 30 provinces and cities in China shows a gradual distribution pattern decreasing from east to west,and the ecological efficiency distribution has obvious clustering phenomenon: the provinces with the highest eco-efficiency are concentrated in Beijing and Shanghai,Jiangsu and Zhejiang as the representative of the eastern economically developed regions;compared with the eastern region,the central region is relatively low ecological efficiency;to Xinjiang,Qinghai,Gansu,represented by the western inla nd areas of backward economic development,Its ecological efficiency level is the lowest in the four regions.