Study On The Treatment And Utilization Of Concentrated Livestock Manure In Alpine Steppe

Livestock and poultry dung refers to the solid excrement,urine and sewage produced by washing manure in the process of livestock and poultry breeding.Livestock and poultry excrement has no economic profit to the farm temporarily,and is discarded for a long time,bringing negative impact on the ecological environment and industrial development.The livestock and poultry excrement produced by the farm is not handled in time,which will cause soil,water and air pollution to different degrees,and cause certain damage to human body.Livestock and poultry manure from farms can cause soil pollution,water pollution,and air pollution to varying degrees.All of the above pollutions will cause certain damage to the human body.Gancha county is located in haibei Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Qinghai province,on the north shore of qinghai lake.The site has high altitude and low temperature,which belongs to the typical plateau continental climate with long sunshine hours,large temperature difference between day and night.The livestock and poultry breeding mode in Gangcha county mainly are enclosure feeding,semi-enclosure feeding and free-range feeding.In view of the special natural conditions and breeding conditions in Gangcha county,the four common dung treatment modes are not suitable for Gangcha county.In recent years,Gangcha county,which belongs to haibei prefecture,has built a circular economic zone of plateau modern ecological animal husbandry with the plateau ecological animal husbandry as the center.With the increasing number and scale of livestock and poultry breeding,the pollution of livestock and poultry manure to the ecological environment has become one of the barriers restricting the development of modern ecological animal husbandry,and more importantly,it will threaten the water ecological security of Qinghai Lake.Based on the analysis and summary of domestic and foreign livestock and poulty farming pollutant treatment technologies,this paper adopted literature analysis,field survey,data analysis,and indoor experiment.The livestock pollutants and emission characteristics and pollution status of Gangcha county were investigated and analyzed.Straw,zeolite,quartz sand,gravel and other materials with better pollutant abatement performance were selected in common use to set up different pollutant digestion and purification schemes.By analyzing the adsorption kinetics of the substrate,the purification mechanism of the substrate was figured out,and the treatment plan of livestock farming pollutants in the farm was determined.It will provide technical support for the treatment of livestock breeding manure in the alpine pastoral areas of Qinghai Province,provide a basis for relevant research,and provide a theoretical basis for further improving the pollution control policies of the breeding industry.The following results are as follows:（1）Due to the lack of scientific and effective treatments of animal waste,the top soil of livestock farming area was distinctively different from the non-livestock farming area.The soil organic matter and NH₃-N,TP,TN content in livestock farming area were greater than those in non-livestock farming area.It is necessary to reconsider the existing manure resource treatment modes which were unsuited for the poultry farming mode of Gangcha County locally.（2）Different schemes have different effects due to the difference of matrix.In practice,it is necessary to select an appropriate matrix type scheme according to the local actual conditions,the main pollutant types and concentrations.On the whole,zeolite has a certain removal effect on all pollutant concentrations,rape straw and cinder are only suitable for the removal of some pollutant concentrations.Therefore,zeolite type scheme（scheme 1）was taken as the optimal scheme of this experiment,and modified zeolite type scheme（scheme 5）was taken as the alternative scheme of this experiment.（3）According to the optimal solutions and alternatives selected from the indoor test,the adsorption kinetcs research was performed on the zeolite type solutions（scheme 1）and modified zeolite type（scheme 5）.The results showed that the zeolite type scheme of TP,TN,COD_crr adsorption dynamic characteristics were in conformity with the secondary reaction kinetics equationwith the fitting coefficient is above 0.9.Therefore,the zeolite type scheme（scheme 1）was selected as outdoor farm wastewater purification unit packing.（4）After the transformation of the former farm,dry and wet separation of fecal sewage was carried out.Then the reasonable amount of pollutants produced in the breeding area was determined by the farm flushing test.According to the farm sewage resource utilization,the drainage ditch flushing program is 1 time/day.The sewage can be detained for 1h to reach the standard after flowing to the purification tank.And the water in the tank can be discharged and reused.The separated manure of livestock shall be cleaned up once two weeks,and then transferred to an organic fertilizer processing plant for deep processing.