Study On The Measurement And Influencing Factors Of Ecological Welfare Performance In China

Ecological welfare performance is the efficiency of transforming the consumed ecological resources into ecological welfare.It is an indispensable index for quantitative research of ecological welfare.This index not only adapts to the construction of ecological civilization proposed by the state,but also provides the direction for the development of China’s economy.But the current social problems such as rapid economic development and ecological deterioration of the environment,leading to the contradiction between economic sustainable development,ecological environmental protection and ecological welfare level.The economic system,environmental system and welfare system are in violation of the development law.The efficiency value of ecological resource consumption into ecological welfare has been declining and brought serious harm to human beings.Firstly,this paper defines and compares the concepts of ecological welfare and ecological welfare performance,and then studies ecological welfare performance from three aspects: the relationship between economic system and ecological system,the empty world and the full world,weak sustainability and strong sustainability.Secondly,according to the theory of ecological welfare performance,taking resource consumption and environmental pollution as input indicators,welfare level as output indicators,using entropy method index weighting model to reduce dimension and Super-SBM model to measure ecological welfare performance level of different provinces in China,calculating and analyzing the development of ecological welfare performance of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2017,and analyzing the regional differences and imbalances of eastern,central,western and northeast regions.Then,based on the measurement of ecological welfare performance indicators,the spatial weight matrix is set up and the spatial correlation test is carried out.Taking ecological welfare performance as the dependent variable and the industrial structure,urbanization level,technological progress,greening level,industrialization level,openness and economic scale as the independent variables,based on the 30 provinces and four regions in China in 2008-2017,the spatial lag model and spatial error model are established to study the impact of each factor on ecological welfare performance and analyze the cause mechanism.The conclusions are as follows: there are absolute β convergence,conditional β convergence and α convergence in different stages of ecological welfare performance in different regions of China,with regional differences and imbalances,and the eastern,central,western and northeast regions decrease in turn.For China’s overall numerical value,it has not reached the high efficiency level,and there is a large space for improvement;Ecological welfare performance of each province in China has obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics and spatial spillover effects,and shows a positive correlation,indicating that ecological welfare performance of each region in China will be affected by the surrounding ecological environment and welfare level,and there are proximity effects and radiation effects.Whether in terms of geographical characteristics or social and economic characteristics,the estimation of the model will have a spatial effect on ecological welfare performance of each province in China,and the impact of social and economic aspects on the performance of ecological welfare is higher than that of geographical characteristics.The spatial correlation coefficients of different types of spatial weight matrix are energy spatial weight matrix > material capital spatial weight matrix > distance based spatial weight matrix > neighborhood concept spatial weight matrix.After a series of variable processing and correlation tests,SLM model and SEM model are established.It is found that industrial structure,urbanization level and greening degree have significant negative impact on ecological welfare performance in the sample data.Technological progress,industrialization level and openness have significant positive impact on it.The square regression coefficient of economic development level and per capita GDP shows a positive and negative relationship,which indicates that the relationship between economic development level and ecological welfare performance is not a simple positive or negative relationship,but an inverted "U" curve.Different explanatory variables have different effects on ecological welfare performance in the eastern,central,western and northeast regions.