Study On The Impact Of Land Use Change On Carbon Emission And Countermeasuersa In Harbin

Land use / Cover Change(LUCC)is one of the core research areas of the international geosphere biosphere program(IGBP)and the humanistic research program-global environmental change.It is also a hot and key issue in the research of environmental science all over the world.Land use change is the most important influencing factor of carbon emission besides fossil fuel combustion.The reasons for land use change can be divided into two kinds: land use replanning due to economic and social development factors and changes caused by force majeure in the natural environment.As the material carrier of all the production and life activities on the earth,land has played an extremely important role.The development of urbanization brings more consumption of energy resources,which leads to unlimited development and utilization of resources.This makes the total amount of global carbon emissions increase continuously,putting a great burden on the environment.The greenhouse effect is increasing,which not only has a great impact on the normal production and life of human beings,but also brings a great burden on urban development.At the same time,it has also seriously affected the environmental protection and sustainable development strategy advocated by all countries,and posed a great threat to the ecological security.With cold climate and distinct four seasons,northeast China is located in the northernmost part of China.As the earliest developed region in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China,Northeast China has made great contributions to China's economic development.Harbin,as the political and economic center of Heilongjiang Province,has always been the leader of Northeast China in economic development.This paper takes Harbin as the research object,selecting it's remote sensing images of land use in 1990 s,2000s,2010 s and 2018 s as the research stage.Arcgis was used to analyze spatial-temporal changes of land use from 1990 to2018.At the same time,this study also examined the social and economic development data of the study area from 1990 to 2018.The emission coefficient method was used to calculate the regional carbon emissions,and then the LMDI decomposition method was used to make quantitative empirical analysis on the main influencing factors of land use carbon emissions.The final result shows that:In terms of temporal and spatial changes of land use in the research stage,the surface landscape of Harbin city is mainly covered by cultivated land,which is mostly distributed in Songbei District,Hulan District,Daowai District and Daoli District.During the research period,the cultivated land has been declining slowly,and most of it has been converted into construction land.The forest land is distributed in Acheng District,ranking the second in the total area,and there was a slight decline during the study period,which was mainly converted into cultivated land.In the study region,the grassland area is scattered and its area is increased to a certain extent,and the water area spans the whole study area,and its area has generally little change during the study period.The construction land in the research period is in a radial increasing state with Nangang District as the center.The area of unused land has been decreasing significantly.In terms of the temporal and spatial changes of carbon emissions,this paper adopts the emission coefficient method for the calculation of carbon emissions.According to the definition of the carbon emission coefficient from IPCC and past literature and the political and economic conditions in the study area,the carbon emission coefficient is determined and the emissions are calculated.With the rapid growth of Harbin's economy since 1990,the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization as well as the improvement of infrastructure,the carbon emission of Harbin has been reduced first and then increased.From the perspective of time,the carbon emission of Harbin has been decreasing year by year from 1990 to 2010,but the decrease range is small,and the increase is obvious from 2010 to 2018.From the perspective of space change,with the change of land use,it shows a trend of radiating outward diffusion with Nangang District as the center from 1990 to 2018.Carbon emission is concentrated in the construction land area in the center of Nangang and the area of cultivated land in Songbei district and Daoli District.There are many influencing factors of carbon emission from land use and five of them has been selected in this study.LMDI logarithm decomposition method has been used to calculate and analyze their contribution to carbon emission.Among the five factors,the most relevant three factors are the change of land use structure,economic development mode and energy structure,followed by the output intensity of land use and population.As a representative city in Northeast China,Harbin should optimize the land usestructure,reduce the area of non-agricultural land on the premise of not affecting the current economic development level and total economic output.Based on the current urban type,the development strategy of "one,two into three" should be implemented.It means to assemble the heavy industry,develop the tertiary industry and optimize the capacity output and energy consumption of the secondary industry by virtue of the advantages of economic and technological development.Northeast China is known as the national granary.As a city with large cultivated land area in Northeast China,Harbin needs to improve the technology of agricultural land utilization,develop new technology of environment-friendly agricultural production,establish an evaluation system of agricultural emission reduction and form incentive mechanism for agricultural emission reduction by making policies.At the same time,the government should support the new technology of agricultural production to promote the implementation of agricultural emission reduction.