Study On Ecoiogicai Red Line Identification And Risk Assessment Of Ecoiogicai Eiements Degradation Aiong The Yeiiow River Ecoiogicai Town Beit In Shaanxi Province

Starting from Qiantou Township in Fugu County in the north,the highway along the Yellow River at the foot of Huashan Mountain in the south is known as China's " Road 1",and connects 1220 villages in 72 townships in 4 cities and 14 counties(cities)in Shaanxi Province along the west bank of the.The highway along the Yellow River runs through the north and south of Shaanxi Province and will play a positive role in promoting the economic development of the region.The implementation of this project will be of great benefit to more than 2 million people along the route.Shaanxi Province is facing the dual requirements of economic development and ecological protection in the Ecological Town Belt along the Yellow River.It is necessary to protect the ecology and develop the economy.Therefore,it is indispensable to identify the ecological red line area in this area.This study takes the Ecological Town Belt along the Yellow River in Shaanxi Province as the research area,analyzes the changes of ecological service function and ecological carrying capacity in the research area,and evaluates the assessment of the degradation risk of ecological elements.The main results achieved in this study are as follows:(1)The area of the water and soil conservation service functions the Ecological Town Belt along the Yellow River in Shaanxi Province is generally important and extremely important areas account for 66.57%and 4.40%of the total area.The extremely important areas are mostly distributed in the southern area.The degree is slight and the hydrological conditions are better.The area of water conservation function is generally important area and extremely important area accounting for 92.89%and 0.54%of the total area of the study area.The area of water conservation function is generally very large and widely distributed in important areas.The area of generally important and extremely important areas of biodiversity service functions accounts for 93.79%and 2.64%of the total area of the research area.(2)The land use types along the Yellow River ecological town belt in Shaanxi Province are mainly cultivated land and grassland,which account for more than 80%of the total area of the region.The cultivated land is mainly concentrated in Heyang and Dali in the south of the study area.The forest land is mainly distributed in the area south of Yan'an;the water area is mainly distributed on the side near the Yellow River;the unused land is mainly distributed in some areas north of Yulin.The areas with larger populations are mainly Dali,Heyang and Huayin counties in the southern part of the study area and Suide and Wubao counties in the middle of the study area.The population growth rate of Qingjian County,Suide County and Wubao County lags behind the overall change in the study area,and the regional differences in population change in the study area are obvious.The development in the north is constrained by resources and environment,while the economy in the south of the study area is developing rapidly.Since 1990,the ecological carrying capacity of the study area has shown an upward trend.From 1995 to 2000,the carrying capacity has changed the most and the ecological environment has been improved.The ecological carrying capacity in the southern region is greater than that in the central and northern regions.Hancheng,Heyang County,Dali County,Huayin City and Tongguan County are the counties(cities)with higher ecological carrying capacity in the Yellow River Ecological Town Research Area in Shaanxi Province.(3)The non-red line area is widely distributed throughout the study area,accounting for a large proportion of the entire study area.The red line area has the characteristics of scattered distribution in the whole study area,only in some areas is more concentrated.The probability of small annual precipitation in the northern part of the study area is high,and the probability of large annual precipitation in the south is large.The areas of higher risk areas,moderate risk areas,and lower risk areas of annual precipitation account for 66.78%,33.15%,and 0.08%of the total area of the study area.In general,the risk level of temperature occurrence in the study area increases with increasing latitude,and the possibility of lower temperatures from north to south gradually decreases.The area of vegetation coverage degradation higher risk area,moderate risk area,lower risk area accounted for 3.98%,42.41%,38.77%of the total area of the study area.In general,the risk of vegetation cover degradation in the study area is mainly moderate risk and low risk,with an area of more than 81.17%.There are few high-risk areas,and the possibility of high vegetation degradation is extremely low.