Study On Evaluation Of Ecological Security In Southeast Asia Under The Background Of The Belt And Road

Southeast Asia is the focus and priority area for China’s cooperation in the Belt and Road Initiative.With the continuous advancement of the Belt and Road Initiative,it is particularly important to assess the current status of ecological security in this area and find out the background of the ecological environment in the area.This paper takes 10 countries in Southeast Asia(not including East Timor)as the research area,closely follows the essence of ecological security,builds an ecological security evaluation index system based on economic level-natural resources-social development(EES),the TOPSIS model is used to evaluate the ecological security status of the study area,the coupling coordination degree model is used to analyze the coupling and coordinated development status of the ecological security subsystems in the study area,and the obstacle degree model is used to identify the main obstacle factors in the study area.The results show that:(1)The score range of the comprehensive index of ecological security of 10 countries in Southeast Asia ranges from 0.350 to 0.599,and the overall fluctuates around 0.450.(2)The ecological security level of countries in Southeast Asia can be divided into three levels: the first level is Singapore(0.599)and Brunei(0.539),which are at a relatively safe level,and the ecological security status is good;the second level is Laos(0.446),the Philippines(0.432),Malaysia(0.425),Vietnam(0.422)and Thailand(0.404)are in critical safety status,natural resources are relatively poor,and social service system is relatively weak;the third level is Cambodia(0.389),Myanmar(0.354)and Indonesia(0.350)at a less secure level,with slow economic development and fragile ecosystems.(3)The coupling and coordinated development of countries in Southeast Asia can be divided into three levels: Vietnam ’s coupling degree is 0.516,which is a type of barely coupled coordination;Malaysia(0.495),Singapore(0.491),Brunei(0.488),Indonesia(0.478)),The Philippines(0.470),Myanmar(0.461)and Laos(0.413)are on the verge of dysfunctional recession;Cambodia(0.399)and Thailand(0.364)are the mild dysfunctional recession types.(4)The main obstacles affecting the ecological security in Southeast Asia: GDP per capita,cultivated land area per capita,forest coverage,renewable fresh water resources per capita and medical expenditure as a proportion of GDP.Studies have shown that the overall level of ecological security in countries in Southeast Asia is relatively low,and it is urgent to propose ecological construction and environmental protection policies for different levels of ecological security,to improve ecological security from three aspects of economic development,natural resources,and social progress,and strengthen space control capabilities Promote the coordinated development of the ―Belt and Road‖ initiative in the region.