Research On Energy-saving Design And Optimization Of Main Drive System For CNC Lathe

As one of the main equipment of manufacturing industry,CNC lathe has a wide range and a large number of applications.Energy efficiency directly affects the energy consumption level of the whole machine tool industry.As the most important energy flow component of CNC lathe,the energy consumption of the main drive system directly determines the energy efficiency of the whole machine.Existing energy consumption optimization problems of CNC lathes mostly focus on the use process,which cannot fully improve the energy efficiency of CNC lathes.How to consider the energy consumption factor of CNC lathe from the design stage to reduce the energy consumption fundamentally and improve its energy efficiency is a problem worthy of in-depth study.Aiming at the main drive system of CNC lathe,considering the energy consumption,processing ability and processing quality of CNC lathe,the parameters of its motor drive system and the structure of its spindle system are optimized.On the basis of ensuring the processing ability and processing quality of CNC lathe,the energy consumption of the main drive system is reduced and the energy efficiency of CNC lathe is improved.The characteristics of energy consumption of the main drive system of CNC lathe are analyzed,and the energy consumption model of the main drive system is established.Based on this,the influence of the parameters of the motor drive unit and the structure of the spindle unit on the energy consumption in the main drive system is studied,and the motor drive in the main drive system is described.The energy-saving design mechanism of unit parameter optimization and lightweight weight reduction of the spindle unit structure illustrates the energy-saving potential of the optimized design of the main drive system of the CNC lathe.Then,considering the influence of spindle motor and transmission system parameters on the energy consumption of the motor drive unit,the energy-saving design optimization framework of the main drive system motor drive unit is proposed.On this basis,the energy consumption function of the motor drive unit based on the spindle motor efficiency is constructed according to the energy flow of the main drive system.For the common cutting parameter range of the CNC lathe,the motor with the minimum energy consumption and the minimum volume of the motor drive unit is proposed.The multi-objective optimization model of the drive unit parameters is solved by multi-objective improved teaching and learning algorithms to obtain better design parameter combinations and reduce the operating energy consumption of the motor drive unit.Secondly,based on the dynamic equation of the spindle unit,the energy consumption function of the spindle unit is constructed,and the structural performance indexes of the spindle components are analyzed.Based on this,the spindle unit energy consumption and the spindle unit structural performance index are optimized.The uniform design method,sensitivity analysis,response surface method and principal component analysis are used to establish the optimization model of the lightweight structure of the spindle unit.A hybrid algorithm combining simulated annealing and particle swarm optimization is proposed to solve the model,and the energy consumption of the spindle unit is reduced on the basis of ensuring the structural performance of the spindle components.Finally,the MATLAB and ANSYS are used to establish the energy consumption simulation model of the main drive system of the CNC lathe and the finite element analysis model of the spindle unit.Based on the actual machining conditions,the main transmission system energy consumption and the performance of the spindle unit structure before and after optimization are compared and analyzed.The results show that the optimized main drive system can effectively reduce the energy under the condition of ensuring its processing capacity and processing quality.Consumption,improve the energy efficiency of CNC machine tools.