The Research And Application Of Decorative Patterns Of Longmen Grottoes

Longmen Grottoes Art is a world cultural heritage and one of the treasure houses of Chinese stone carving art.It has experienced many dynasties in the Northern Wei,Eastern Wei,Western Wei,Northern Qi,Northern Zhou,Sui and Tang Dynasties,Five Dynasties,Northern Song Dynasty and Ming Dynasty.The constant construction of the 700 years has created a profound ancient stone carving art,which enables future generations to pay respect and learn about Chinese traditional Buddhist culture and traditional stone carving art.These materials on religion,art,architecture,calligraphy,music,costumes and patterns have become research positions of researchers from all walks of life.At the same time,it has also become a research topic of my graduation thesis “The Research and Application of Decorative Art of Longmen Grottoes”.This thesis is limited to the study of the stone carvings of the Longmen Grottoes in the Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties.It has been around for 300 years.In this paper,the field survey method,comparative analysis method,examples,literature method and other research methods are adopted.Through repeated investigations on the scene,the image research methods of pattern line drawing and photographic pictures are drawn,and various decorative patterns are drawn from the perspective of pattern.The age,orientation,source and type are graphically organized,and the chronological frame tables of these patterns are established so as to clearly reproduce the development of decorative patterns in Longmen Grottoes,in order to objectively and accurately carry out in-depth and meticulous attention to these vast graphic arts.The research purposes are as follows: Firstly,the representative and important decorative patterns in the stone carving art of the Longmen Grottoes in the Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties are systematically categorized and graphed on physical materials,image materials and texts,so as to form the stone carving art decoration pattern of Longmen Grottoes,such as the blending of Chinese and foreign plant patterns,the anthropomorphic shape of animal patterns,the wide variety of flying patterns,the varied shapes of the patterns and the colorful patterns of the backlit patterns,and the inclusive aesthetics theory.Secondly,it is to excavate and refine the artistic essence of the Longmen Grottoes pattern,and incorporate the concept of modern design into contemporary design.The theoretical significance of the research is as follows: Firstly,the decorative patterns of the representative stone carving art of Longmen Grottoes are systematically and deeply analyzed from the perspective of pattern science,and the inclusiveness,richness,implied meaning,regionality and nationality of these decorative pattern art are concluded.Secondly,the Longmen Grottoes inherited the architectural traditions of China’s architectural traditions in terms of site selection,and in the specific opening of the caves,it is to absorb the characteristics of “natural scenery,small and medium-sized” in the gardening techniques of traditional architecture in China;In addition,the structure and decoration of the grotto also draws on the philosophical thoughts of Chinese traditional architectural decoration styles,the heavenly places and the four elephants and gossips,as well as the Buddha’s boundless Buddhism;Furthermore,the stone carving art of Longmen Grottoes has the same creative ideas,which are as follows: Firstly,the stone carving decoration pattern of Longmen Grottoes is a historical testimony of the use of the ocean;Secondly,the Longmen Grottoes have a wide variety of stone carving patterns.Based on the premise that the carving craftsmen adhere to the normative nature of Buddhist art,daring to apply other ethnic art and traditional Chinese art in the cave carvings and make bold practices in order to make these patterns become full,round,atmospheric,elegant and diverse;Thirdly,the Buddhist art of Longmen Grottoes has also incorporated the thought of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism;and the aesthetic characteristics of decorative patterns of Longmen Grottoes are intuitionistic and symbolic,rational and perceptual deterrence and secularism instant and eternal harmony and unity.Moreover,the stone carving art of Longmen Grottoes,which lasted for 700 years,is characterized by its profound Buddhist art.It is not only an outstanding representative of the cave art in the Central Plains,but also a stone carving art model borrowed from the surrounding grotto art.These research results are academic references for researchers in cultural history,art history,art and design.The practical significance lies in the inheritance of the intangible culture of decorative patterns in the art of stone carvings.It is to extract the artistic essence of the patterns in stone carving art and apply it to the decorative design of contemporary tourism products to serve the cultural construction and economic development of Luoyang;Thirdly,the combination of religious thoughts of pattern culture and contemporary design concepts will contribute to the nationalization of modern Chinese design.It will also deepen people’s cognition and understanding of the Longmen Grottoes pattern,and at the same time,promote the worship of Buddhist culture and the art of Longmen Grottoes.Based on the previous studies on the classification of decorative patterns in the grottoes,this paper classifies,integrates and analyzes the typical and important decorative patterns of the Northern Dynasty and the Longmen grottoes in Sui and Tang dynasties from the perspective of pattern science.This paper explores the reasons why the patterns are inherited from the past and from the past to the future,from the simple to the complex,the fusion of the Chinese and the West,and the reason for bringing forth new ideas,exploring the clear bones of the Northern Dynasty of the Longmen Grottoes and the willingness to form the magnificent and magnificent style in the middle and early Tang dynasties and its influence on the later generations.Secondly,it focuses on the analysis of the decorative patterns of the grotto wall,the top of the cave,the bottom of the cave,the cave door,the buddha,the scorpion,the armpit,the backlight and so on,and chooses the lotus pattern,the honeysuckle pattern,the grass pattern,the dragon pattern,the animal face pattern,and the lion.Patterns such as lines,golden-winged birds,geese,flying sky and backlights are analyzed and summarized in detail in terms of their styling characteristics,characteristics of the times,aesthetics of form and cultural implication;Finally,the essence of the decorative pattern of Longmen Grottoes is extracted and combined with the contemporary design concept.These traditional patterns are transplanted,scattered and reorganized,alienated and added,and the tourism products of the Longmen Grottoes are decorated with the brand of traditional art.The decorative pattern of the stone carving art of the vast Longmen Grottoes is a masterpiece of Chinese decorative patterns.Its pattern culture is rich in representation and the pattern art is flawed.Therefore,the classification,analysis,sorting and refinement of this stone carving pattern will bring its artistic essence and modernity.The combination of design concepts is to embed Chinese traditional cultural pattern genes into the decorative design of contemporary products,so that contemporary design products are marked with the “Chinese traditional culture and art”.