A Research On Dynamic Evaluation Of Ecological Security In Longmen Grottoes Scenic Spot Based On The Ecological Footprint

With the rapid development of tourism, the extensive mode of economic development of tourism has brought a series of ecological safety hazards and resources and environmental problems.Because of the uncivilized misconduct tourism development and tourists, plus weathering erosion grotto inherent aspects of the natural environment,Longmen Grottoes scenic spot,which as the world’s cultural heritage,needs to conduct ecological security protection research as a result of the growing environmental problems.This paper takes Longmen Grottoes scenic spot as the research object, through field research and collecting data as well as the use of ecological footprint model and time series analysis method, conducts the dynamic calculation analysis on the per capita ecological footprint, per capita ecological carrying capacity of tourism and ecological deficit per capita of the scenic from 2003 to 2013.In addition,it selects the ecological pressure index(ETI), ecological footprint index(EOI),ecological and economic coordination index(EECI) as an important indicator of tourism ecological security, and carries on quantitative research of ecological security on the scenic from 2003 to 2013.In particular the research process, based on three important indicators of ecological pressure index(ETI),ecological footprint index(EOI),ecological economic coordination index(EECI), we construct the comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological security of Longmen Grottoes scenic area by the method of principal component analysis and assess the ecological safety level division.Finally, the forecasting model is established for forecasting and analysis of ecological security index ofscenic area in the future 7years.At the same time,we build scenic warning grading standards to analyze and forecast the status of the scenic and ecological security alarm future development trend. The results show that the overall development in the Longmen Grottoes scenic is extremely unsafe and unsustainabe.It is estimated that comprehensive evaluationof ecological safety score decreased significantly from 2014 to 2020, with an average annual decline of 28.49%.The ecological security is located at sixth levels in bad condition stage,which means warning condition is more serious and ecological environment system starts to deteriorate rapidly. Furthermore,the contradiction between tourism development and ecological environment protection has become increasingly prominent,increasing ecological pressure,and the overall development trend of ecological security is not optimistic. In this regard, this paper presents some strategies,such as scientific planning area, optimizing the energy structure and strengthening tourist management in order to improve the ecological security level of Longmen Grottoes scenic, and achieve the sustainable development of scenic areas.