Study On Extraction Technology And Biological Activity Of Hazelnut Shell Polysaccharide And Preliminary Production Workshop Design

In this task,the hazelnut shell was used as the experimental raw material,and the hazelnut shell polysaccharide was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted hot water extraction.Through activated carbon decoloration,microfiltration purification,chemical process deproteinization and ultrafiltration fractionated purification,four-component hazelnut shell polysaccharide that was more than 100 kDa,50-100kDa,10-50 kDa and 6-10 kDa was obtained,and the antioxidant and antidiabetics ability of different molecular weights of hazelnut polysaccharide were explored.At the same time,the extraction of hazelnut polysaccharide was carried out to tentatively magnify production.Firstly,the hazelnut polysaccharide was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted hot water extraction method.The optimal analysis was conducted by single-factor and orthogonal experiment.The extraction conditions of hazelnut polysaccharide were as follows:ultrasonic extraction power was 240 W,ultrasonic extraction time was40 min,and extraction feed-liquid ratio was 1:20,the extraction time was 2 h and the extraction temperature was 80°C.The extraction rate of hazelnut polysaccharide reached its peak,and the extraction rate was 9.23 mg/g.Meanwhile,the hazelnut shell polysaccharide microfiltration preparation technology was studied,the optimal microfiltration condition of hazelnut polysaccharide was confirmed as:feed-liquid temperature was 35?,feed-liquid concentration was 20 g/L,operation pressure was 0.12 MPa,the mean membrane flux was measured as 23.78 L/m²·h.The microfiltrated polysaccharide solution was subject to deproteinization comparison using the method of Sevag,trichloroacetic acid?TCA?and isoelectric precipitation,TCA was the best in deproteinizing,the rate of deproteinization was 65.32%,the rate of retention of polysaccharide was 69.56%.Ultrafiltration membrane was used to separate and purify the deproteinized microfiltrated hazelnut shell polysaccharide,After purification by ultrafiltration membrane,the four hazelnut shell polysaccharides with molecular weights greater than 100 kDa,50-100 kDa,10-50kDa and 6-10 kDa were respectively held back.The molecular weight distributions were 10.2%,67.8%,5.7%,and 16.3%,respectively.Then,the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of the hazelnut shell polysaccharide were studied respectively.The in vitro antioxidant test showed that the determination of desorption ability of ABTS,superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals was done by using hazelnut polysaccharide,it was decided that,the ability of four groups of different molecular weight hazelnut polysaccharide to clear ABTS free radicals was in an order from strong to weak:50-100 kDa>100 kDa>10-50kDa>6-10 kDa,half clearance rate concentration(IC₅₀),was respectively:27.8mg/mL,21.4 mg/mL,29.5 mg/mL and 100.9 mg/mL.The hazelnut polysaccharide's effect of clearing superoxide anion is not so strong,the clearance rate of polysaccharide of four molecular weights were all less than 50%.hazelnut polysaccharide's effect of clearing hydroxyl radical was good with different molecular weights,the clearance ability in ascending order was 50-100 kDa>6-10kDa>10-50 kDa>100 kDa,the hydroxyl radical half clearance rate concentration(IC₅₀)was 11.2 mg/mL,3.4 mg/mL,7.7 mg/mL?7.1 mg/mL.In vivo experiments showed that the mice that were built with diabetes model were administered with hazelnut polysaccharide of different molecular weights to detect the SOD and MDA activity value of serum and liver homogenate of the mice.After analysis,it was found that different molecular weight of hazelnut polysaccharide could enhance the SOD activity of the mouse and reduce the MDA content of malondialdehyde.The polysaccharide with molecular weights of 100 kDa and 50-100 kDa were more prominent.At the same time,the hypoglycemic effect of different molecular weights of hazelnut polysaccharide was studied.The mice were modeled with alloxan drugs,and the modeled mice were given different molecular weights and different doses of polysaccharide.21 days later,the blood glucose level of the mice was detected,it follows through the comparative analysis that,the hazelnut polysaccharide greater than 100 kDa and 50-100 kDa had a tendency to delay the weight loss of diabetic mice,and the blood glucose of diabetic model mice decreased by 20.52%and24.80%,respectively,the polysaccharide having a 50-100 kDa has a better hypoglycemic effect than the one having 100 kDa,and both molecular weight polysaccharides can increase the amount of insulin in experimentally modeled mice.Finally,through the extraction,purification and bioactivity study results of hazelnut polysaccharide,the annual production of 1500 kg of hazelnut polysaccharide was tentatively designed,the initial design project needs a total investment of 17 million yuan.The sales profit rate and the investment profit rate were taken as the evaluation indicators,after the analysis of financial economic benefits,it was decided that the two indicators were 14.27%and 37.79%respectively,suggesting that the profit rate was higher,and the pay back period of the project was calculated as 2 to 3 years,the break-even point was 10.035 million yuan,and the operating safety rate was 55.87%,indicating that the hazelnut shell polysaccharide development project has a strong anti-risk capacity.