Preparation And Study Of Hazelnut Oil,Hazelnut Protein And Hazelnut Powder

Hazelnut is a kind of nut with rich nutrition and unique flavor,it Is also a good oil crop.This article use the“big fruit hazelnut”from Liaoyang County Liaoning Provinc e as material to produce Hazelnut oil,hazelnut protein and hazelnut powder.The produ ction of hazelnut use the way of pressing,organic solvent extraction and supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction.By comparing the oil extraction rate of these 3 methods and the basic physical and chemical indexes of hazelnut oil,the best method was screen out-s upercritical CO₂ fluid extraction.Response surface methodology was used to optimize the process conditions,and the fatty acid of hazelnut oil composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.The high quality hazelnut meal obtained by supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction was prepared by using cheap alkaline protease and pectinase and glucoamylase as enzyme for extracting hazelnut protein.After enzymatic hydrolysis under suitable conditions,The enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were optimized by the reaction surface method.The crude protein was purified by alkali solution method,and its purification process was optimized by orthogonal test.Hazelnut cakes obtained from mechanical pressing contain certain oil,which can be used to prepare hazelnut powder.The components of hazelnut powder are grinded hazelnut cake,non-dairy creamer,white granulated sugar,maltodextrin,ethyl maltol,sodium carboxymethylcellulose and acesulfame potassium.In this work,using emulsion stability of hazelnut powder as index,the addition of each component was confirmed by single factor experiment.{4,2}simple type lattice point was used to design formulation experiment to achieve the optimum formula.The prepared hazelnut powder was analyzed by sensory evaluation.The major research results are as follows:（1）supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction of hazelnut oil was optimized by response S urface Methodology:based on single factor,it is optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method to get optimum technological conditions of supercritical CO₂ fluid ext raction of hazelnut oil:The extraction pressure was 27MPa,the extraction temperatur e was 50℃,the flow rate was 20L·H^-1,and the extraction rate of hazelnut oil was 93.57%。（2）Preparation of hazelnut protein by enzymatic method of response surface methodology:Based on single factor experiment,The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:the enzymolysis temperature was 46℃,the enzymolysis pH was 8,the enzymolysis time was 3.7 hours,the protein extraction rate was 53.23%,and the orthogonal experiment was carried out.The optimum reaction conditions were as follows:the reaction temperature was 50℃,the ratio of liquid to material was 5:1,the pH value was 11,and the protein yield was 95.23%.（3）Hazelnut powder compound:the use of{4,2}type simple lattice point design recipe test,the hazelnut powder formula:hazelnut powder added amount of61.25%,the end of the addition of 13.6%,maltodextrin The addition amount was 20%,the addition amount of white sugar was 3%,the addition amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was 2‰,and the addition amount of ethyl malt was 1.95%.