Study On The Extraction And Purification Of Polysaccharides From Hazelnut Shell And Its Application

China's northeastern region is rich in hazelnut resources,widely distributed.Hazelnuts are grown in these areas in large quantities,with a lot of waste every year,and are eventually consumed as fuel.On the one hand the natural environment is be pollution,but also cause great waste of available resources.If these abandoned hazel shells are used as raw materials,the biologically active components are extracted and used as a research direction to develop products with high added value,such as drugs or health food,which undoubtedly saves resources,Protect the environment,improve waste utilization has a positive significance.The crude polysaccharides of hazelnut shells were prepared by hot water extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction.The deproteinization of H2O2 was carried out by enzyme+Sevage method and desalted by macroporous resin S-8.The purified polysaccharide In comparison with Vc,the removal of DPPH ·,· OH and O2-· three free radicals was studied.By comparing the structure of polysaccharides of hazelnut shells and analyzing the composition of hazel shells.Finally,on the basis of single factor experiment,The optimum formulation of the mixed beverage of hazelnut shell polysaccharide black tea was made to determine the production process of the beverage.The main contents and results were as follows:(1)Using hot water extraction method and ultrasonic assisted extraction method.The best extraction conditions for hot water extraction method were as follows:the extraction time was 1.6 h,the ratio of liquid to material was 12:1 mL · g-1,and the extraction temperature was 81.The extraction conditions were as follows:the extraction time was 1.6 h,?,under the conditions of parallel verification experiment 3 times,the average yield of hazel shell polysaccharide is 3.03 mg · g-1.Ultrasonic-assisted extraction method was carried out by using the response surface method to obtain the best extraction conditions as follows:ultrasonic power 200w,ultrasonic time 36 min,ultrasonic temperature 60 ?,liquid ratio 12:1 mL · g-1,under the conditions of parallel verification experiment 3 times,hazel shell polysaccharide yield average is 7.99 mg · g-1.Ultrasonic assisted extraction method compared with conventional hot water extraction method,the polysaccharide yield was significantly increased more than 2 times.(2)The method of sevage,TCA,papain and enzyme + sevage were used to purify the polysaccharides from hazelnut shells by ultrasonic assisted extraction.The protein was obtained by enzyme+sevage method.The optimum conditions were as follows:enzyme dosage 1.5%,enzymolysis temperature 60 ?,enzymolysis time 1.5 h,pH 6.0.The best technological parameters of decolorization were determined by orthogonal experiment:The optimum decolorization parameters were as follows:the volume fraction of H2O2 was 15%,the solution was pH8,the decolorization time was 2h,and the decolorization temperature was 50 ?.The macromolecule composition of polysaccharides from hazelnut was removed by macroporous resin.The optimum conditions were as follows:pH 7,loading volume 10mL,flow rate control 1mL · min-1,and the adsorption rate was up to 83.31%.In the dynamic elution experiment,the optimum pH of the elution solution was 9,and the desorption rate was 32.68%under this condition.(3)The DPPH ·,· OH and O2-· were determined by purifying the polysaccharide product,Studies have shown that the purified hazelnut polysaccharide has a considerable antioxidant capacity,but its removal capacity is lower than Vc.(4)Analysis by UV spectroscopy the results showed that there was no protein and nucleic acid residue in the purified polysaccharide from the hazelnut shell.In the infrared spectrum,it was confirmed that the polysaccharides extracted and purified from the hazel shell contained some characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides.It was confirmed that the extracted and purified substances contained polysaccharides in this experiment were polysaccharides.By high performance liquid chromatography survey The polysaccharides extracted and purified from the hazel shells may contain six components:Man,Rha,Glc,Gal,Xyl and Ara.The mass fraction is 24.28%?8.58%?5.11%?12.32%?17.13%?14.21%.(5)The formula of hazelnut shell polysaccharide black tea compound beverage w as optimized,and the sensory score of the beverage was taken as the index.The ortho gonal experiment was used to judge the addition of the components of hazelnut shell p olysaccharide,citric acid,vitamin C and honey.The degree of comparison:citric acid a dded amount>honey added amount>vitamin C addition>hazel shell polysaccharide e xtract amount.The optimum dosage ofthis formula was 0.5%of hazelnut chitin,0.15%citric acid,0.15%of vitamin C and 0.5%of honey.