Study On Public Participation In Urban Water Environment Governance

Water resource is one of the essential natural resources for human survival and well—beings.Our future is directly related to the water environment.In our modern society,with rapid urbanization,the lag of water environment management,and the shortage of water treatment facilities,lots of urban rivers and their ecosystems are threatened by water pollution,resulting in many black and odorous water bodies,due to the limitation of water self—purification.Beijing Kunming Lake,Hangzhou West Lake,Nanjing Xuanwu Lake,Wuhan East Lake and Jinan Darning Lake all exceeded the standard of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.while Taihu Lake broke out a serious cyanobacterial crisis.The severe urban water polllution could not only lead to the negative health effect,but also to the environmental insecurity to restrict sustainable developmentThe increasingly serious situation of water environmental pollution has attracted great attention from governments at all levels,and various measures have been taken.In the aspect of water resources monitoring,a hydrological and water resources monitoring system covering surface water and groundwater is established;In the aspect of water management,the total amount of water intake should be strictly controlled;In the field of water pollution control,Strengthen the protection of water function zoning and control the total amount of sewage discharge;In terms of policy implementation,enhance environmental protection supervision and implement the"river and lake chief system".Under the leadership of the government,great progress has been made in water environment control in China.But it is not enough to rely solely on the strength of the government.The traditional government's management mode is out of order,such as inadequate supervision,attaching importance to construction and despising management,lighter punishment,lack of improvement opinions.The introduction of public participation provides a solution,because it can bring institutional benefits,because on the one hand,we can cultivate a more competent and correct public through education,on the other hand,we can ensure the fairness of the policy and improve its support.Therefore,he earlier model of water environment governance,which was swept by the government,will be transformed into a diversified model of modern ecological water environment governance,and the public,as another important force,begin play an increasingly important role.According to the author's work experience,a new water management with public participation based on Gangzha District,Nantong City,are discussing in this paper to find a resealable way to develop urban water environment.Based on the theory of environmental rights and the ladder theory of public participation,this paper makes a thorough study of public participation in water environmental governance by means of questionnaire survey.This paper introduces the history and current situation of water environment control in Gangzha District,analyses the actual situation of water environment pollution,and expounds the necessity and possibility of public participation in water environment control.This paper argues that there are two reasons for the problems of public participation in water environmental governance in China are the government and the public:On the government side,there are some problems,such as the lack of legal maneuverability,the ex post facto nature of EIA,the inadequate disclosure of information,the high threshold of environmental public interest litigation,the imbalance of participants,and so on.On the public side,there are such problems as utilitarian environmental education,"non-governmental River leaders" fail to take responsibility.inadequate ab ility of self-participation.and inadequate environmental protection organizationsCombined with the advanced experience of public participation in water environmental governance abroad,which is summarized from the aspects of legal system,information disclosure,environmental assessment,public welfare organizations,participation atmosphere and participation form,in order to promote public participation in water environment management in China,the system of public participation in water environment management should be imp roved.citizens'awareness of participation in water environment management should be promoted,channels for citizens to participate in water environment management should be broadened,and the development of non-governmental environmental protection organizations should be promoted.