Analysis Of International Factors Affecting Russian Oil Policy

Russia is one of the world's largest oil industrial country,the largest holder of natural gas reserves,the world's eighth-largest holder oil reserves and the largest exporter of natural gas.The oil policy of Russia government is not only related to the development of national economy,but also has an important impact on the world energy structure.Similarly,the emergence,development and adjustment of Russian oil policy are deeply influenced by various international factors.Systematic analysis of international factors which affecting Russian oil policy is the key to fully understand the influence of international politics and economy on Russia,and it is also an important reference for Russia to formulate or adjust oil policy.Since the period of Brezhnev,Russia has benefited from the world oil crisis and the development of its oil industry,went through the transformation from nothing to an important oil exporter.Under Gorbachev era,due to the extremely unbalanced economic structure of the Soviet Union,the Soviet oil economy came to a standstill with the decline of international oil prices.Gorbachev used to try to reform the economic structure,but the Soviet Union,which country heavily dependent on oil,eventually collapsed.After independence,Russia inherited a complete pipeline network from the Soviet Union,and with the privatization of oil industry and the implementation of Russia's pro-Western foreign policy,the Russian oil economy was once well developed.After Putin came to power,from the perspective of national economic security,he emphasized the diversification of oil and gas exports,and flexibly used energy card to maneuver among different countries in the international political arena,cleverly realizing the maximization of national interests.After the Ukraine crisis,Russia has faced sanctions from the United States and the European Union,But Putin,through the military involvement in Syria,the privatisation of state-owned enterprises and his "Look East" policy,has built a complex multilateral energy relations structure to maximize Russia's strategic interests.It can be seen that it have a profound impact on the changes of Russian oil policy by comprehensive analysis of international factors.Faced with the uncertainty of international factors and the sanctions of U.S.and European Union,the main countermeasures at present including accelerating the layout of international energy strategy;accelerating industrial restructuring;strengthen energy cooperation with other countries and stabilize long-term cooperation mechanism with China.Russia is fully capable of developing an appropriate oil policy according to the international situation to safeguard its own interests.