Implementation Of Marine Works EIA Approval Policy In China

In recent years,with the land resources collapsing gradually,people have turned their economic attention to the sea,and the marine works are becoming more and more numerous,which lead to the pollution of marine environment becoming more and more serious.Marine works EIA approval policy which is a kind of marine environmental protection policy plays an important role in the prevention and control of pollution of marine works.What's more,the approval of EIA is a key part in marine works EIA,which can directly influence whether the project can start.Therefore,in order to restrict the disordered construction of marine works,a number of policies have been introduced to marine works EIA approval policy from central government to local levels.But when local governments implement marine works EIA approval policy,the problem occurs.The policy implementation result deviated from the policy objective.Integrated using the theories and knowledge of management,sociology,oceanography and so on,this paper also use the analysis framework of the Smith model with the public choice theory and role conflict theory to discuss policy itself,executive agency,target group and execution environment,and also discuss how the interaction between factors has an impact on policy implementation.In addition,based on the successful experience of the United States in the implementation of EIA approval policy,we put forward some suggestions for improvement on account of the actual situation of China.The first chapter starts from the current situation of the implementation of EIA approval policy,also points out the existing problems and the urgent need to solve those problems.It discusses the related researches at home and abroad about the four dimensions of the Smith model which includes the policy itself,executing agency,target group and execution environment.It summarizes the Smith model,public choice theory and role conflict theory to pave the way for subsequent analysis.The second chapter analyzes the current situation,problems of policy itself and the experience of the United States in relevant fields.It also sorts out the policy objectives and contents and discusses the problems of policy itself in terms of rationality and operability.At the same time,we discuss how the interaction of the policy itself,executive agency and target group contribute to the implementation of policy.We also display the American experience about policy itself.The third chapter analyzes the current situation,problems and the experience of the United States in the same field.The status is described by the classification of the executive branch.It points out three problems of executive agency such as lacking of communication and coordination between departments,the implementation personnel driven by interests,and be short of the implementation personnel's responsibility consciousness in terms of public choice theory and role conflict theory.At the same time,it discusses the American experience.The fourth chapter analyzes the current situation,problems and experiences of target groups.It discusses the current situation of marine construction units and the public,also points out the existing problems as follows: Marine construction unit shall seek rent from the local government and public participation policy execution's enthusiasm is not high.The impact of the interaction between the executing agency and the target group on the policy implementation is discussed.At the same time,it discusses the American experience in target group.The fifth chapter analyzes the current situation,problems and the American experience of political,economic and social cultural environment of the policy implementation.It also points out three problems: the environment of political supervision system is not good,the economic system environment is not perfect,and the social and cultural environment is unfavorable.It analyzes the effect of policy implementation environment on executing agency and target group,which can produce the result of ineffective policy implementation.At the same time,this paper also discusses the American experience in the policy enforcement environment.The sixth chapter puts forward suggestions about policy itself,executive agency,target group and execution environment on the basis of the advanced experience of the United States.