Integrating Ontology And NLP For Automated Construction Process Safety Rule Checking In 4D BIM

Construction safety has been one of the problems that are difficult to solve in the healthy development of the construction industry.At present,it is unable to meet the requirements of the complex and dynamic construction safety management by relying on the static safety regulations or manual experience to prevent potential risk on construction site.Ontology is an integrated model of domain concept,taxonomy,relation and attribute,which plays an important role in semantic presentaton,transmission and sharing.It can also support reuse of construction safety risk knowledge and reasoning.Therefore,this paper built an automatic mechanism for identifying and preventing safety risk during construction process by integrating safety rules library and BIM technology with advantages on visualization and parameterization.Besides,an intelligent presentation method based on the Natural Language Processing technology was proposed to intelligently present identified results from developed system.Firstly,the mechanism of safety accident,related work about the construction safety management based on ontology technology or BIM technology,and the application of the retrieval technology in the construction safety accident presentation were discussed.The advantage and feasibility of using these technologies were discussed for identifing and preventing safety problems and the preliminary protype were put forward.Subsequently,the hierarchical construction activities of residential buildings were broken down by using WBS.And then the precursory information of four categories,including structural components,materials,equipment and environment,are established by combining construction activities and types of safety accidents.Then,domain ontology was built depending on Seven-step method and the editing software of protege,which consists of construction activities,precursor,hazard and solution.Next,on the basis of the established precursor and relevant codes,the parameterized forms for five kinds of accident safety rules were summarized and converted into SWRL format.To realize the automatic safety rules checking,automatic checking mechanism of integrating BIM and safety rules was proposed.Meanwhile,intelligent results presentation based on Natural Language Processing was designed.Finally,the construction process safety rule checking system is developed,and the effectiveness of the system is verified by a case study.Two innovative methods were proposed in this paper:1)ontology technology and BIM were put forward for safety rule checking for dyamic construction process of the residential building;2)the intelligent presentation mechanism based on the Natural Language Processing was presented.It not only provided ideas for the reuse and sharing of the safety knowledge,but also proposed a solution for immediate and intelligent presentation of the safety problems on dynamic problems,which made a certain contribution to the improvement of efficiency of construction safety.