Investigation And Analysis Of Occupational Hazards In Coal Mines Of Anhui Province And Prevention Measures

The harmful factors such as dust,high temperature and noise in coal mine operation environment seriously threaten the safety of mine production and miners’ life.The light person can cause the physical discomfort of the coal mine workers,and the bad working environment will cause the unsafe production state.When the dust concentration exceeds the standard,it can cause the explosion,which directly threatens the safety of the miners’ life.According to the data of hazard detection and occupational health statistics report of underground workplaces in Anhui Province,the standard of every hazard factor is quite high.With such data,the incidence of occupational diseases in coal mining enterprises in Anhui province should be very low.According to the statistical data of occupational health in Anhui coal mine,179 new occupational diseases in coal mine in 2014,247 in 2015,and 148 in 2016.From 2011 to 2015,1076 cases of dust lung disease were added to the four major mining groups in Anhui Province,with an average of 215 new cases per year.Therefore,to grasp the actual situation of our province coal mine occupation disease hazards identification,analysis of occupation disease existed in workplace of the province’s coal mine hazard factors,hazard assessment,determine the degree of occupation disease harm of occupation disease categories,the province’s coal mine work site to conduct a comprehensive inspection,to occupation hazards thoroughly to find out the real situation.In addition,the problems in the prevention and control of occupational diseases in coal mining enterprises are analyzed in detail so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in coal mines in the province.In strict accordance with the provisions of the prevention and control of test items "occupation disease harm coal workplace"(National Security Supervision Bureau order No.seventy-third),"in the air of workplace dust determination"(GBZ/T192),"workplace" measurements of physical factors(GBZ/T189)and "occupation health technical service agencies to detect norms" and other standards and regulations,detection the dust(total dust and respirable dust concentration,hereinafter referred to as "dust" and "dust"),temperature,noise,toxic and harmful gas detection part of mine.The risk factors of all occupational diseases were sampled at fixed point and short time.The result of noise detection is that the unqualified rate of the underground fan noise is the highest,up to 80.3%.The noise unqualified rate of the driver of fully mechanized coal mining machine,the driver of the driving machine,the driver of the gangue machine,the central pump room in the underground and the air pump room is over 30%.The detection results of toxic and harmful gases: 10 of the tested coal mining face(fully mechanized and blasting),heading face(fully mechanized excavation and blasting),the concentration of NOx,Co,CO2 and H2 S in the air is within the limit.Thus it can be seen that the occupational hazards in Anhui coal mine are not optimistic.Especially,the dust concentration in coal roadway fully mechanized mining and rock roadway fully mechanized mining operation is very serious.The hot sea in the high temperature mine in summer is also very serious in the province.The noise of the driver of the underground fan mechanized mechanized mechanized coal mining machine,the driver of the driving machine,the driver of the gangue machine,the central water pump room in the underground and the air pump room are too serious。We must strengthen the management of occupational hazards in coal mine workplaces,and make the work of coal mines occupational disease in the province completely improve.It is essential to carry out the main responsibility of occupational hazards prevention and control in coal enterprises.First,we should actively carry out daily monitoring and regular detection of occupational hazards.We must be practical and realistic,which can thoroughly reflect the real situation of the workplaces.Two,we should standardize the setting of occupational hazards notification and warning signs,so as to improve workers’ self-protection awareness and enhance the level of occupational disease prevention and control in employers.The three is the implementation of on-site prevention and control measures in coal mining enterprises,the specification of high pressure coal seam water injection(rock roadway efficient dust removal fan),high-efficiency chemical dust removal,high pressure spray,efficient dust removal fan and dust control device.It is necessary to increase the degree of mechanical cooling for a mine with serious heat damage.Four is the management department strictly enforcing the law,and constantly improve the assessment mechanism,in order to promote the implementation of the main responsibility of the enterprise.