Eco-environmental Quality Evaluation Of Dabashan National Geopark

Daba Mountain National Geopark is located in the southern foothills of Daba Mountain,the central area of the junction of Sichuan,Shanxi,Hubei,and Chongqing provinces.It consists of two relatively independent parks,Bataishan Park and Bailixia Park.In recent years,with the rapid development of tourism,the Batai Mountain,Longtan River and Bailixia tourist attractions have attracted countless foreign tourists and promoted the development of the local economy.But the development of Daba Mountain National Geopark had also affected the ecological environment to a certain extent.It is necessary to fully grasp the changes in the ecological environment quality of the Daba Mountain National Geopark,so as to carrying out some useful recovery measures.This article takes Daba Mountain National Geopark as the research object,uses multiple types of data,such as remote sensing data,DEM data,soil data,meteorology data,etc.At the same time,some software has been used which can deal with some basic data,for example,Microsoft office 2013,ENVI5.4,ARCGIS and so on.According to the selection principles of evaluation indicators of ecological environment quality,and combined with the actual conditions and characteristics of the study area,we have selected 11 factors : ground slope,altitude,temperature,land cover,vegetation coverage,annual rainfall,soil erosion,population density,cultivated land area per capita,GDP per capita,and net income per farmer.as evaluation indicators.Then standardize these evaluation indicators through grading of them,and use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each indicator,and comprehensively evaluate the overall ecological environment quality of the Daba Mountain National Geopark by using the powerful spatial analysis features of GIS.Using the evaluation results as a guide and according to the regulations of relevant departments,put forward some measures and suggestions for improving the ecological environment quality of Bashan National Geopark.By exploring the ecological environment quality of the Daba Mountain National Geopark from 2005 to 2018,the paper mainly achieved the following results:(1)The ecological environment index of Daba Mountain National Geopark was2.01 to 4.83,and the ecological environment quality is good.Relatively speaking,the eco-environmental quality along the banks of the river and the urban area is poor.The eco-environmental quality of the study area shows a characteristic of decreasing from north to south.All in all,the ecological environment in the northern part of Daba Mountain National Geopark is relatively better than that in the southern part,and the degree of damage of the northern part is relatively weak.(2)In terms of differences of the spatial distribution of ecological environment quality,the ecological environment index of Daba Mountain National Geopark also has obvious regional differences in space.The areas with high eco-environment indexes are obviously distributed in Fengtong Township and Yantang Township in Wanyuan City in the north.Statistics show that the population of these areas is relatively sparse,contributing to the human interference is relatively weak.The areas with low ecological environment index are concentrated in the northwest,southwest and Bailixia scenic spots in the urban area of Xuanhan,and meanwhile,the areas with low ecological environment index are relatively developed and the population distribution is relatively concentrated.(3)From the time point of view to analyzing the changes of the ecological environment quality of the Daba Mountain National Geopark,before the Provincial Geopark,the ecological environment index of the park was 2.01 to 4.83,indicating that the ecological environment background conditions was good;After the application for the Provincial Geopark and National Geopark,the eco-environment index decreased,and the eco-environment index increased from 2013 to 2018 The ecological environment quality was improved.(4)Humanities and natural factors are particularly important to the ecological environment.There were some geological disasters in the park;Besides the economy of the park is underdeveloped,contributing to the residents lacking of environmental awareness,and the soil erosion was the main factors that affecting the quality of the ecological environment.According to these influencing factors,corresponding suggestions and measures are proposed to providing a certain basis for the governance and restoration of the ecological environment.