Research On Ecological Environment Quality Evaluation Of Harbin Based On GIS

The research object of this paper is Harbin City,and its subordinate districts and counties as well as municipal governments.The statistical data are from Harbin Environmental Quality Report,Harbin Statistical Yearbook,and county and county-level municipal government work reports.And other relevant statistical statements and environmental bulletins.The image data was selected from the 2015 Harbin land use remote sensing image map.The GIS operation software used is ArcGIS,the data is calculated as SPSS software,and the evaluation methods for determining the weight of the eco-environmental quality evaluation index are the main component analysis method,the analytic hierarchy process and the AHP-PCA method.Finally,using GIS spatial database and spatial analysis technology to evaluate the ecological environment quality of Harbin.The specific process is:Firstly,based on the overall situation of the study area and the natural,economic and environmental aspects of the study area,based on the selection principle of the ecological environment quality evaluation indicators,the forest coverage rate,the annual precipitation,the annual average temperature,and the regional water were selected.Resource share,cultivated land area,total GDP growth rate,tertiary industry share of GDP,population density,natural population growth rate,agricultural population ratio,corporate loss percentage,air sulfur dioxide emissions,air nitrogen dioxide emissions,total air suspension Particles and water quality compliance rate 15 ecological environmental quality evaluation indicators.Secondly,according to the selected 15 eco-environmental quality evaluation indicators,an eco-environmental quality evaluation index system conforming to the ecological environment characteristics of Harbin was established.In the system,using the principal component analysis method,the analytic hierarchy process and the AHP-PCA method to evaluate the indicators of the three ecological environment quality evaluation methods,it is finally determined that the AHP-PCA method eliminates the deficiencies of the first two methods,and is more suitable for this.Evaluation method of the secondary study.Thirdly,after analyzing the remote sensing image of the study area and vectorizing the image with GIS,the GIS spatial database of ecological environment quality in Harbin was established.Finally,the AHP-PCA method is used to determine the weight of the final evaluation index.Based on the weights of the evaluation indicators determined by the AHP-PCA method,the GIS spatial analysis technology is used to comprehensively evaluate the three individual and overall eco-environmental quality of 13 administrative regions in Harbin,and the ecological environment of Harbin based on the evaluation results.Quality proposes improvement suggestions and countermeasures.The final result of the study is: the overall level of ecological environment quality in Harbin in the past 10 years is good,and it shows a coordinated development trend,the ecological environment quality is getting better and better,no obvious change,steady rise,slight fluctuation,and there is a lot of room for improvement.