| The annual output of chicken manure?CM?in China is large,and it is easy to cause serious environmental pollution when it is discharged into the environment without treatment.Although the prospect of resource-based market is broad,the utilization level is low.Compared with other feces,CM has more nutrients and higher utilization value.Earthworm is an important soil organism with low feeding cost and wide food source.It can be used as protein feed and extract for cosmetics.Feeding earthworm with CM can not only reduce environmental pollution,but also get economic by-products earthworm and earthworm manure,which is a sustainable development mode.In this paper,we studied the technical feasibility of culturing earthworm with fermented CM.We used CM and sawdust as fermentation materials to study the fermentation effect of CM with different carbon nitrogen ratio?C/N?and the feeding situation of earthworm.We investigated the adaptability,survival rate and body weight growth rate of earthworm in fermented CM,and got the best amount of additives by orthogonal test.We also studied the change of heavy metals in earthworm and earthworm manure,and the residual resistance The toxicity and fermentation degradation rate of biotin were analyzed,and the safety of earthworm culture with rotten CM was discussed.Through on-the-spot cultivation,the feasibility of the experiment was verified,and the adhesion of fermented CM was preliminarily explored.The main results are as follows:1.The fermented chicken manure of C/N 30 has the highest maturity and the best effect of feeding earthworms,and earthworms have the strongest adaptability when used as base feed.In one feeding cycle,the survival rate of earthworms was 99.67%,with a growth rate of38.00%.2.The effect of humic acid sodium on the growth of earthworm is more obvious,and the energy efficiency of life support E promotes the increase of the number of earthworm and cocoon,and the effect of mixture of humic acid sodium(0.5g·kg-1)and vitamin E(2g·kg-1)is better.3.Earthworm has obvious enrichment effect on Mn,As,Sr,CD and Ba,the enrichment amount is 4.45,2.69,0.72,0.29 and 0.14mg.The as content of earthworm after feeding reached 49.87mg·kg-1,which could not be directly processed into feed products.After feeding,the reduction of organic matter in CM results in the increase of as concentration to175.44mg·kg-1,which belongs to heavy pollution and can not be directly used as organic fertilizer.The bioavailability of Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu and other elements in earthworm manure is higher than that of rotten CM.After entering the soil,the migration ability increases,and the part that can be absorbed and utilized by plants also increases.4.The toxicity of the three veterinary antibiotics to earthworm is low,which will not lead to the death of earthworm.Aerobic fermentation had a certain degradation effect on different doses of antibiotics remained in CM.The degradation rates of high dose?100mg·kg-1?florfenicol,sulfamethoxazole and chlortetracycline were 61.33%,49.59%and 56.73%respectively;the degradation rates of low dose(50mg·kg-1)were 80.76%,69.03%and69.17%respectively.5.It is feasible and effective to breed earthworm on a large scale by using rotten CM,and Candida utilis and Bacillus subtilis can reduce the adhesion of CM during fermentation and improve the palatability during feeding.To sum up,it is feasible to breed earthworm with fermented CM,which has low investment cost and can be popularized to practical production.The safety of culture process and follow-up utilization of earthworm and vermicompost is focused on the content of as.Adding Candida utilis and Bacillus subtilis can reduce the adhesion of CM during fermentation. |
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