Study On Differences In Intestinal Microbial Community Between Male And Female Yunnan Snub-nosed Monkeys(Rhinopithecus Bieti)in Different Seasons

Yunnan snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus bieti)is a nonhuman primates,the first grade National Key Protected wild animal,living in the highest altitude,and belongs to Mammalia,Cereopitheeidae,Colobinae,Rhinopithecus.Yunnan snub-nosed monkey is only distributed in the border of Sichuan,Yunnan and Tibet provinces in China,a small area between the Lancang and Jinsha rivers,acrossing the northwest yunnan and the southeast Tibet,and according to statistics the number is about 3 000.At present,there are few reports on the gut microbes of Yunnan snub-nosed monkey,and the research is mainly on the species and proportion of the gut flora.However,little research has been done on the relationship between the intestinal microorganisms of Yunnan snub-nosed monkey and their gender,season,food habits and human social activities.In this study,10 Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys(5 females and 5 males)feeding artificially in Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve were selected as the research objects.The 16 S rDNA high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the diversity of intestinal microbial community of female and male Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys in different seasons.The main results showed as follows:(1)The intestinal microbial community of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys is mainly composed of Firmicutes(16.31%~93.04%),Bacteroidetes(0.67%~34.39%),Actinobacteria(0.61%~12.51%),Verrucomicrobia(0.06%~13.44%),Spirochaetes(0.10%~24.87%),Proteobacteria(0.25%~78.30%),Tenericutes(0~3.08%),Fibrobacteres(0~5.34%)and others(0.03%~8.47%)with small relative abundance.Firmicutes and Bacteroides is dominant,which is consistent with the dominant flora of most primate intestinal microbial communities.(2)There is no significant difference in the intestinal flora diversity of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys of different genders(P > 0.05),and their intestinal microbial community structure is similar.(3)In different seasons,the diversity of intestinal flora of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys is significantly different(P < 0.05),but the structure of intestinal flora of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys is similar in spring and winter,and similar in summer and autumn.The results of this study have certain theoretical significance for preventing Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys from infecting bacterial diseases,formulating protection strategies for Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys in Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve,and increasing the population of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys.The relationship between intestinal flora of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys and their food habits needs further study.