Study On Collagen Extraction Methods From Degraded Leather Cultural Relics

Leather product is an important tool for production and life in the history of human development.Animal leather was developed and utilized very early in ancient China.Leather cultural relics contain rich historical information and have been an important part of cultural relics in our country.Leather is mainly composed of protein,fat and water,which is easily degraded by the influence of microorganisms,oxygen,acid-alkaline soil and other external unfavorable factors.Leather cultural relics are difficult to preserve intact,which brings great inconvenience to the protection of cultural relics.Collagen is the main component of leather,thus how to effectively extract collagen from leather cultural relics as well as to detect and analyze it has become the key to the identification of leather cultural relics and the study of aging mechanism.The present paper takes the collagen in leather as the research object.The main contents include three aspects:simulating the state of ancient leather cultural relics to prepare leather samples of different aging degrees,the establishment of the extraction method of leather cultural relics collagen as well as the detection and analysis of leather cultural relics collagen.Leather cultural relics are rare and precious,which cannot be used in large quantities for experimental research.Three common artificial aging methods such as acid aging,alkali aging and oxidation are used to simulate the deterioration of leather cultural relics and prepare sufficient samples of different aging degrees for subsequent extraction,detection and analysis,thus improving the applicability of the experiment as much as possible.The core content of this paper is to establish a method for extracting collagen in leather samples with different degrees of deterioration.After collating the commonly used collagen extraction methods in literature and drawing lessons from the extraction methods of collagen in hides and leather wastes in different fields,the method of sodium hydroxide alkaline extraction is established after comparative analysis.The aging samples of leather cultural relics prepared by simulation were used to continuously optimize the experimental process through single factor analysis and orthogonal experiment.It was concluded that the optimal process conditions for sodium hydroxide alkaline extraction were sodium hydroxide concentration of 0.05 mol/L and extraction temperature of about 80?,extraction time 12h.The optimal process conditions were used to extract the simulated leather relics of different aging degrees,and the Bradford detection method and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis method were used to detect and analyze the collagen.The collagen with high protein concentration and large relative molecular mass was obtained,which achieved the effective extraction of collagen from leather artifacts in various preservation states.In summary,the present paper has carried out aging simulation research on leather cultural relics,and established effective methods for extracting collagen in simulated leather relics with different degrees of deterioration.