Application Of Comprehensive Geophysical Prospecting Methods In The Protection Of Cultural Relics

The eastern Tomb of the Qingdongling is the first imperial mausoleum built after the entry of the Qingdongling.It is one of the relatively complete imperial mausoleum buildings in China.It is also a world cultural heritage and national key cultural relics protection unit.The protection of buildings in the mausoleum has been faced with various problems,among which the seepage problem of Yuling underground palace is the most urgent need to be solved.Therefore,in order to find out the causes of water seepage,the management units are prepared to carry out investigation to protect cultural relics.Due to the particularity of cultural relic protection,it can not cause great irreversible damage to the cultural relic,so the conventional engineering exploration method is not applicable.However,the geophysical method has little damage to the exploration object,and has a good resolution to the underground or internal conditions of buildings.Therefore,the final decision to Yuling geophysical survey methods,but also open this paper geophysical methods in the protection of cultural relics in the exploration.This paper takes the reason of Yuling underground palace in the Eastern Qing Mausoleum as the main research object,through the study of the existing geophysical exploration technology principle and application examples,summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various methods,and then synthesizes the actual situation of the Yuling mausoleum in the eastern Tomb of the Qingdongling,and finally decides to adopt three geophysical exploration methods: high-density electrical method,seismic imaging and bottom detection radar The causes were investigated.Then,the three methods are studied carefully.According to their advantages,215 survey lines are laid out.After data processing,the relevant results map was obtained,and the final reason for the water permeability of the Yuling underground palace in the eastern Tomb of the Qingdongling was determined.In this survey,215 geophysical survey sidings were arranged on Baoding,Yabayuan,Madao,underground palace floor and wall.Among them,there are 11 seismic images with640 points,33 with high-density resistivity method with 1444 points(including 750 points of1 m distance and 694 points of 2m point distance),171 pieces of ground penetrating radar(2692.4m).A total of 215 achievement maps have been completed,and the reason of water seepage in the underground palace of the eastern Tomb of the Qingdongling has been detected,and a schematic diagram of the water seepage mechanism of the Yuling underground palacein the eastern Mausoleum of the Qingdongling has been completed.Five boreholes and six exploration wells were completed,and four engineering geological profiles were formed to verify the detection results.Through the research and detection,the specific reasons for the water permeability of the Yuling underground palace in the eastern Tomb of the Qingdongling were finally determined,and the water seepage mechanism schematic diagram was formed,and the reasons and locations of the water permeability were marked.It plays a guiding role in the follow-up work of cultural relics protection.This study also proves that the geophysical method is effective and economical in finding out the reasons for the seepage of underground buildings.At the same time,it also plays a reference role for the follow-up protection of cultural relics.It is hoped that this paper can guide the application of geophysical exploration methods in more cultural relics protection,and make the future cultural relics protection work more scientific and effective.