A Study On The Theory Of Technical Criticism In Marcuse' S?One-Dimensional Man?

With the progress of science and technology,people's life has changed dramatically.According to Marcuse,one of the important phenomena is that the demand structure of human beings has changed,and the false demand has replaced the real demand of human beings,thus creating the pain and confusion of the inner dimension of human beings;in other words,people are extremely rich in material life,but at the same time,the spiritual level is extremely deficient.According to Marcuse,the fundamental reason for this phenomenon lies in the infiltration and control of science and technology over the whole society,including people's spiritual life.That is to say,the colonization of the living world by science and technology has led to the overall alienation.In other words,science and technology is an important clue to think about and r-eveal this phenomenon.In Marcuse's view,the rapid development and universal application of science and technology is the result and embodiment of the increasingly develope.d technological rationality of human beings.At the same time;the former,in turn,deepens the growth of the latter,making technological rationality increasingly the dominant mode of thinking of human beings.In this sense,technical criticism itself contains the criticism of technical rationality,or it can be said that the criticism of technical rationality is a deeper and philosophical anthropological criticism.Marcuse inherited Heidegger's existentialism,Marx's theory of labor alienation and Freud's theory of psychoanalysis based on the background and reality of the developed industrial society,thus forming his own theory of technical criticism.Marcuse takes technology and technical rationality as the main clue to deeply analyze the alienation of developed industrial society:in the economic field,the manipulated false demands integrate people into the existing social order,that is.the social system operates people's needs while weakening people's sense of approval and compliance;in the political field mechanized production and social division of labor.change It not only creates conditions for the capitalist private ownership to fully exploit the surplus value of workers,but also makes the majority of workers have some identification with the bourgeois political rule,thus laying the foundation for the"rationality" of the bourgeois political rule.In the field of culture,the high-level culture appears to be out of control With the trend of gradual vulgarization,popular culture is widely accepted by social groups.Strong consumer culture strengthens the overall control of social individuals.so as to stabilize social governance.Marcuse's critical theory of technology reveals the manipulation and control of technology over the whole industrial society,and concludes that the developed industrial society has gradually become a deformed,one-way society.However,due to Marcuse's one-sided understanding of technological rationality,his theory of technological criticism has certain limitations.