Study On Transaction Cost In Land Acquisition Of Strong Government Mode Based On Game Experiment And Social Survey

Land requisition is legal act that the country converts rural collective-owned land into state-owned land according to legal procedures for the public interest,and provides reasonable compensation to collective economic organizations and farmers.For a long period of time,the land requisition system has demonstrated outstanding efficiency advantages in terms of time and other aspects,and has played an important role in the rapid advancement of China’s industrialization and urbanization process.However,with the development of market economy,urban-rural relations,farmers’ awareness of property rights,and land prices,the conflicts caused by land acquisition have become increasingly prominent,which has resulted in the loss of economic and social development achievements and has caused China’s urbanization process to fall into a "dilemma"situation.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the core problems of the land acquisition system from the perspective of governance structure to reduce land acquisition contradictions and promote urbanization.This paper starts with studying the transaction costs incurred by the government and farmers in the game of land value-added income distribution to study the problems in the land acquisition system.Firstly,the article reveals that China’s land requisition system has always been a strong government mode.According to the government’s position relative to the status of farmers in the land requisition game,the historical evolution of China’s land requisition system is divided into three phases:exploration,reinforcement,and weakening phases.Further this paper analyzes the level of transaction costs of land acquisition at this stage and the drivers behind it by considering the features of different era.Then based on the literature review and social investigation,this paper takes Nanjing as an example to analyze the development trend of China’s land requisition system and the trend of changes in transaction costs.After that,based on the influencing factors of land transaction costs and the actual flow of land expropriation activities in the theoretical analysis,a government-peasant bargaining game experiment was designed to empirically study the driving factors affecting transaction costs of land acquisition.Through this type of game experiment,the root causes of land acquisition contradictions in practice are explored,and the land acquisition system reform direction that is conducive to fundamentally reduce transaction costs so that the government and farmers can achieve win-win situation----promote economic and social development and share land value-added income in land acquisition activities respectively.It can be concluded by developing a simultaneous equations model that:(1)Initial price gap given by governments and farmers is the most significant factor affecting the high transaction costs in land acquisition activities.So measures that help to narrow the price gap between local governments and farmers,strengthening farmers’ comprehension for land acquisition system,promoting governments understanding about farmers’ compensate willingness,and helping farmers to acquire more information about rights safeguarding could effectively decrease transaction cost of land expropriation;(2)Land expropriation policy reform should focus on introducing a fair rule and bargaining mechanism accepted by both local governments and farmers to guide the bidding behavior of land acquisition parties in a rational and orderly way.There are two main innovations in this paper:First,in the study of land expropriation system issues,most scholars theoretically analyze the land compensation standard and the distribution mechanism of land value-added income,but few scholars choose transaction cost theory to study it from the perspective of governance structure.Second,based on the characteristics of the current land requisition system,this paper introduces the research method of land expropriation game experiment to empirically analyze the production mechanism and influencing factors of land transaction costs,which thus providing new research ideas for the study of land requisition system.