Research On Risk Management Of Software Project Requirements Change Based On System Dynamics

With the rapid development of the Internet economy,the software development industry has also made full progress,making software products increasingly complex.Due to a software product demand vagueness,subjectivity and the characteristics of dynamic,increased the difficulty of software requirements,the software requirements change phenomenon in the development process,often brought great risk to the project,has caused the project schedule delay,cost increase,a drop in the quality of products,and even employees adverse consequences,such as the departure of the project failure,so the risk management of software project requirements change especially meaningful.Because of the characteristic of the software project itself,however,the software requirements change between the various risk factors are mutually transfer,nonlinear,time delay,the risk identification and evaluation work to bring a lot of difficulty,based on the proposed in this paper by the method of system dynamics software project requirements change phenomenon to study the risks of the project team,can effectively overcome the shortcomings of traditional risk management research.First,in this paper,the software project requirements change risk and related contents in the study of system dynamics in the software project research both at home and abroad,combining the theory of software project requirements change and risk management theory,gives the definition of software project requirements change risk and the software system project requirements change connotation and the basic process of risk management,and expounds the system dynamics in the study of software project requirements change advantage.Second,identify the risk of changing software project requirements.Through the analysis of the software project development process,to demand changes to the software project risk of linkage summarized as demand risks,risks of staff turnover,the construction period,cost,risk and quality risk,and based on system dynamics method to plot the all kinds of risks of causality diagram,determine the logical relationship between the variables,set up a system dynamics model to quantify the risk of software project requirements change.Thirdly,the risk model of requirement change is simulated.Taking the L project of K company as the research background,the initial value of variables and the relationship between some functions were determined,and the changes of various risks of the system in the case of initial state,different change time,different change scope and different change frequency were simulated respectively.Finding that too tight a time frame,too large a scale,and too frequent a frequency increase the risk to the project team.Fourthly,on the basis of the original model,four risk response strategies of adjusting project duration,working overtime,staff incentive and assistance were simulated.It is found that appropriate extension of project duration can significantly alleviate the turnover risk,project duration risk and quality risk caused by demand change,but excessive extension will increase the cost risk of the project.When adopting the overtime strategy,if the overtime range is appropriate,working overtime in advance can more effectively mitigate various risks of the project than rushing to work when the demand changes.However,excessive overtime will aggravate the risk of staff turnover,and thus bring adverse effects to the project schedule risk,cost risk and quality risk.When the project is under pressure due to changing demands,the project manager can effectively reduce various risks of the project by taking incentive measures to adjust the pressure.However,excessively reducing the pressure in the project will make the team slack and aggravate the increase of project risks.When the project schedule falls behind due to the change of demand,blindly adopting the assistance strategy is of no help to mitigate the project risk.However,personnel recruitment as early as possible can well prevent the risk caused by the change of demand.Fifth,combined with the simulation results of risk response strategies,specific Suggestions are given from the perspectives of risk prevention,risk aversion,risk transfer and risk reduction,and the strategy of real-time monitoring the risk of demand change is proposed.