| Fran?ois'langurs(Trachypithecus francoisi)is a rare kind of primate that is unique in Karst mountain and that belongs to animals shall be protected at the national level.The greatest characteristic of animals different from other organisms is movement,which plays an important role in the survival,reproduction and evolution of animals.At present,the study of primate behavior at home and abroad is not clear.And the research on sports behavior of Fran?ois'langurs is not complete.So,in this paper,the focus of animal method and the all occurrence sampling were used,rare animal reproduction center of Fran?ois'langurs in Wuzhou,Guangxi,a total of 31infants and young monkeys aged 36 months and younger were selected as observation objects to study the motor behavior of Fran?ois'langurs infant and sub-adult monkey from December 2017 to November 2018.By comparing the differences of motor behavior between different age groups and sex groups,the characteristics of the monkeys and developmental stages of infant and subadult motor behavior of Fran?ois'langurs were discussed.Results are as follows:1.The movement behavior of Fran?ois'langurs mainly includes depending on mother,crawling,sitting,standing,walking,running,jumping,climbing,hanging,lying,lying down and scratching.Among them,sitting time(r_s=0.756,P<0.001),walking time(r_s=0.843,P<0.001)and jumping frequency(r_s=0.520,P=0.001)were positively correlated with the langur's month age.Time depending on mother(r_s=-0.737,P<0.001),climbingtime(r_s=-0.450,P=0.006),runningtime(r_s=-0.325,P=0.053),climbing time(r_s=-0.710,P<0.001)and scratching time(r_s=-0.658,P<0.001)was associated with month age of the Fran?ois'langurs;standing time(r_s=-0.270,P=0.111),suspension time(r_s=-0.125,P=0.466),lying time(r_s=0.112,P=0.515)and crawling time(r_s=-0.181,P=0.292)were not correlated with the monthly age of the Fran?ois'langurs.2.On days when it was impossible to act independently,the little monkey needed to rely on his mother for a series of activities.And the stage of dependence on the mother's behavior is obvious.Among the behaviors we define as dependent on mothers,the longest is the time spent sitting on the mother,which accounts for63.11%of the total time.In addition,there are 30 months to sit on the mother of the look.Insisting on the mother's behavior is mainly concentrated at 1-4 months of age,which also accounts for a relatively high.Because at this time the little monkey needs the protection of the mother;In the stage of not being able to act independently,it can also scratch the mother's abdominal hair,hold the tree net in the mother's arms,jump to the mother's body,sit on the mother,help the mother to stand beside her.3.The duration of sitting and standing behavior was the highest in the sub-adult stage of captive Fran?ois'langurs,which is about 90%.There were significant differences in sitting posture duration between female and male Fran?ois'langurs at the age of 4 month(p=0.046,t=-2.64,n=35)?12 month(p=0.015,t=3.21,n=35)?24month(p=0.038,t=-2.66,n=35)and 29 month(p=0.014,t=-3.21,n=35).The Fran?ois'langurs ate and mowed their hair.What they most prefer exercise behavior is also sitting up.This is related to the hierarchical relationship and the choice of foraging strategies in the Fran?ois'langurs population.But that in the stage of this study,the Fran?ois'langurs is not fully mature in the infant and sub-adult stage,and the gender difference itself is not obvious.4.At 1 months,they had the shortest movement distance and the lowest movement diversity index,in line with most of the behavior of small monkeys dependent on their mothers.The ability of newborn monkeys to exercise autonomously was weaker,the 2-month movement diversity index suddenly increased,and the movement diversity index of April-age monkeys suddenly increases,similar to that of mothers.At 6 months,the movement diversity index gradually declined,the personality characteristics of the small monkey lively and active,this stage of the movement characteristics of a single movement distance is short,high frequency,the movement diversity index in 15-36 months to stabilize.There was no significant fluctuation,with 31 months of age reaching the highest point of the entire 3-year-old moving distance,and the sub-adult phase was characterized by a lower frequency,but a single moving distance was longer.Enrichment of environment greatly increased the distance of movement of the Fran?ois'langurs,and greatly exercised the jumping ability of the Fran?ois'langurs.Thus,jumping is the main way of movement for Fran?ois'langurs infants and young monkeys and sub-adults.5.We roughly divided four periods into development of motor behavior in infant and sub-adult stage of Fran?ois'langurs in this paper:0-1 month is a dependent period in which small monkeys cannot move independently and can only climb.2-6 months of age is a critical stage of development,and 2-6 months is a critical stage of development.We call it a stable period of 7-16 months,in which the development of every movement behavior for young monkey tends to be stable,and have no obvious difference with sub-adult.The sub-adult stage of 17-36 months is the mature stage of motor behavior development. |
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