Diversity Research Of Liverworts And Hornworts In Huangshan-Tianmu Mountains Range And Xianxia-Wuyi Mountains Range In East China

Biodiversity is the basis of human survival and economic development,which is related to the ecological security of a country.With the change of global climate and the deterioration of ecological environment,biodiversity is losing at an unprecedented rate.However,the lack of comprehensive and reliable basic background data seriously affects the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation.As an important "refuge" for the tertiary and quaternary paleovegetation and flora,the East China Mountains are the key areas for biodiversity conservation in China.But at the same time,as one of the most densely populated,economically and tourism developed areas in China,the protection of biodiversity is also the most serious and the first area to be carried out.As a key group of plant diversity,bryophytes play an extremely important role in maintaining ecosystem stability.However,due to the small size and difficult classification of individuals,their protection has become the most important but weakest link in the whole biodiversity conservation.In order to study the protection of bryophyte species diversity in this area,it is necessary to understand the distribution of bryophyte diversity in this area.At the same time,considering that the area of nature reserves decreases with the increase of altitude in the world,it is more important to study the vertical distribution of bryophyte species diversity for its protection.In this paper,the Huangshan-Tianmu Mountains and Xianxia-Wuyi Mountains in the eastern China Mountains are taken as the research areas,and liverworts and hornworts are taken as the main research objects.A large number of field investigations and specimen collection are carried out to find out the background data of species diversity of mosses and horny liverworts in these two mountains,and to analyze their floristic composition and geographical distribution characteristics.A list of liverworts and hornworts in East China was obtained by collecting and sorting out the previous literatures on liverworts and hornworts in East China.Based on the investigation of the altitude gradient of bryophyte species diversity in West Tianmu Mountains of Zhejiang Province,the distribution regularity of mosses and liverworts in the altitude gradient was understood,which provided guidance for the analysis of the role of nature reserves in bryophyte protection.The main results obtained in this paper are as follows:1.A total of 2202 specimens were collected from the two mountain ranges of Eastern China.After morphological identification of the specimens,it was determined that there were 252 species of liverworts and hornworts belonging to 61 genera and 32 families in the region.The dominant families were 8 families,accounting for 25% of the total families.Among them,the family lejeuneaceae was the most abundant with 72 species belonging to 12 genera,accounting for 19.67% of the total genera and 28.57% of the total species;there are 7 dominant genera,accounting for 11.48% of the total genera,while 22 single genera,accounting for 36.07% of the total genera in this area,which reflects the diversity and complexity of liverworts and hornworts in East China.2.One new species was found: Cololejeunea tianmuensis;10 new records in Anhui Province;1 new record in Fujian Province;2 new records in Jiangxi Province;14 new records in Zhejiang Province;4 endangered species in China,namely Hattoria yakushimensis,Kurzia sinensis,Nowellia aciliata and Porella obtusiloba,20 endemic species in China.3.Five species of epiphytic liverworts were first found in the West Tianmu Mountain Reserve in Zhejiang Province,representing the northernmost distribution of epiphytic liverworts in East China.According to the temperature changes in East China over the past 30 years and the historical distribution data of epiphytic liverworts in East China,it is inferred that this discovery is the result of long-distance migration to high latitudes caused by global warming.4.The flora of liverworts and hornworts in the Huangshan-Tianmu and XianxiaWuyi Mountains in the East China Mountains includes 12 geographical components,of which the East Asian and tropical components account for the highest proportion,both 32.08%,showing the characteristics of the Temperate and Tropical convergence of the region.5.According to the investigation of bryophyte species diversity along the coastal elevation gradient in the West Tianmu Mountains of Zhejiang Province,3412 bryophyte specimens were obtained,of which 1728 were liverworts specimens and 79 species.According to the data of mosses and liverworts elevation distribution,both showed hump-type distribution pattern,but the peak of species richness was obviously different in the elevation section,liverworts were higher than mosses richness tends to increase at low altitudes,which shows that the ? diversity of liverworts is the highest at 800-1000 m altitude,reaching 3.3553,and the ? diversity is the highest at 800-1000 m and 1000-1200 m altitudes,indicating that species change rapidly and population turnover is the most intense in these two altitudes.Through this study,we found that the diversity of liverworts and horny liverworts in the two mountain ranges of Eastern China is relatively rich,showing the characteristics of temperate and tropical convergence flora,and the proportion of endemic and endangered groups is relatively high.However,in view of the discovery of a relatively high proportion of newly recorded species in various provinces,previous investigations and studies of bryophytes in this region are not enough.In view of the fact that the species diversity of liverworts tends to increase at low elevation level,combined with the Epiphyllous bryophytes first discovered in the low elevation area of the western Tianmu Mountains in Zhejiang Province,suggestions are put forward that strengthening the protection of the low elevation areas,especially the microhabitats,in the eastern mountainous areas of China will be crucial to the protection of bryophyte diversity.