Optimization Study On Micro-climate Of A City's Waterfront Square In The Cold Region

The waterfront squares normally seen as significant public spaces,which contribute a lot to the characteristics and brands of cities.Meanwhile,the micro-climate is one of the most curial factors impacting the quality standards and experience of users.Thus,the study on the micro-climate of cities' waterfront squares can enable the improvement of users' comfort and use efficiency.Based on the case study of Minghu square which located in Yingkou coastal industrial base of Liaoning province,this paper tries to research the design strategies of cities' waterfront square in cold region with a comfortable micro-climate environment.Firstly,the analysis of literature associated with urban climate designs and the development process of the optimization design of urban climate were conducted.Secondly,several factors influencing the micro-climates of waterfront squares,such as spatial characters,form features,and form components,were presented and the influences of those factors were also analyzed.Finally,a series of design strategies of micro-climate optimization were proposed.To be specific,on the foundation of Minghu square's field investigation,comparing with climate features of Yingkou city,a basic conclusion was provided: the outdoor leisure activities of citizens are deeply influenced by the series of climate variations,especially under four types of situations.The four types are shown as follows: heavy wind;cold climate;heavy sunshine and the day in winter without sunshine,and the influencing degree order of those four situations is from heavy wind;cold climate;heavy sunshine to the day in winter without sunshine.Additionally,the micro-climate distribution rule of cities' waterfront squares is heavily relevant to spatial characters,including shading degree,terrain,the form of the square,the layout,and heights of surrounding buildings.Based on the works mentioned above,an optimized design approach,concerning to square dimension,terrain,planting,the layout of architecture,and waterscape,was proposed,which can provide the construction of similar urban waterfront square as a reference.