Study On Spatial Pattern Of Rural Settlement In The Yarkant River Basin Based On GIS

In the context of building a new social countryside,in the critical period of comprehensive poverty alleviation,the party and the government have focused on the development of poverty alleviation in rural areas.Therefore,the layout of rural settlements has undergone dramatic changes.However,due to the lack of planning in rural construction and the lack of regulations in rural management,this scattered layout has severely restricted the economic development of rural areas and the utilization of land resources.Therefore,the spatial distribution of rural settlements is analyzed by means of GIS.At present,many studies on rural settlements are mostly studied in a certain administrative district or a combination of several adjacent administrative regions,rather than a natural region.In the arid area,the oasis is a typical natural zoning.The oasis is in arid environment,surrounded by deserts,which generally cause the oasis to be closed,and the internal exchange is more than the oasis.At the same time,the Yeer's River Basin is inland in southern Xinjiang,and the research community pays less attention to the rural settlements in this area.Therefore,this paper studies the spatial pattern of rural settlements in the Yeer'er River Basin.This paper collects the spatial pattern vector data of the 2010,2015 and 2020 rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin.Firstly,12 spatial pattern index research methods were used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in the Yeer'er River Basin.Secondly,five spatial agglomeration analysis methods were used to analyze the agglomeration differences of rural settlements in the Yeer'er River Basin.Finally,the influencing factors were used for buffer analysis to study the formation of the Yarkant River.The mechanism of the spatial pattern of rural settlements in the basin;through the above analysis results,the corresponding optimization suggestions for the rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin are proposed.Analysis of the results of rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin:1.In terms of scale characteristics,the overall development trend of the rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin from 2010 to 2020 is: from 2010 to 2015,the expansion development model will be presented,and from 2015 to 2020,the development model will be reduced.From 2010 to 2015,the overall development trend of the rural settlements in the upper reaches and the Yarkant River Basin is similar.The scale of the main expansion of the rural settlements is upstream.Although the midstream and downstream also show an expansionary development model,the internal development is somewhat different.2.In the spatial agglomeration difference,through the standard elliptical difference,average nearest neighbor analysis,nuclear density analysis,spatial autocorrelation and spatial hotspot analysis,the difference between the five analysis results in 2010 and 2015 is not obvious,the reason is From 2010 to 2015,the original distribution characteristics were not changed during the expansion of the rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin.From 2015 to 2020,the spatial distribution of rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin has undergone dramatic changes.The integration of small-scale rural settlement patches into large-scale rural settlement patches forms larger patches,or remote rural settlements.The whole block was relocated to other large rural settlements.The original distribution characteristics are changed to a large extent.3.In terms of spatial pattern influencing factors,roads and rivers have significant influence on the spatial pattern of rural settlements in the Yeer'er River Basin.Within a certain range,there are certain agglomeration effects on rural settlements in the Yeer'er River Basin,which affects the spatial distribution of rural settlements.The distance between the main traffic and the distance from the river to the karst area,the number of plaques,the average plaque area and the plaque density of the rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin is a region within 4 km.The rivers affect the rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin.In the regional scope,the closer the rural settlements are to the river,the larger the average plaque area and the spatially negative correlation with the distance from the river.In the area of more than4 km,the average plaque area of the rural settlements in the Yarkant River Basin is weakened.The average plaque and plaque density are opposite,and the farther away from the river,the farther away from the river,the average plaque The larger the area.Finally,the above results of the paper find that the suggestions for agglomeration urbanization,establishment of central villages,demolition and optimization are provided.