The Study On Native Plants And Exotic Weeds Of Xinjiang Kalasu Port And Its Roads Along The Highway

The Kalasu Port is one of the 17 national first-level border ports in Xinjiang and the only port opened to Tajikistan in China.With the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative policy,the port trade and the number of people entering and leaving the country have increased,increasing the introduction of exotic plants.And the risk of invasion,under the influence of human activities,the composition and distribution pattern of the flora and the weed flora are constantly changing.In August 2017,this study carried out systematic field investigation and morphological taxonomic studies on vascular plants along the Kalasu Port and its highways,and analyzed its species diversity,floristic characteristics and weedy plants.It provides new information for basic botany research in Xinjiang and the region,and also provides a theoretical basis for ecological environment construction,plant resource utilization,port plant inspection and quarantine,and monitoring and prevention of weeds in agriculture and animal husbandry.Research indicates:1.There are no ferns and gymnosperms in the native vascular plants near the Kalasu Port and its highways in Xinjiang,while there are 21 families,76 genera and 134 species of angiosperms.Among them,dicotyledons have 16 families,56 genera and 100 species,accounting for 74.62% of the total species.Monocotyledons have 5 families,20 genera and 34 species,accounting for 25.38% of the total species.Dicotyledonous plants account for a relatively high proportion in this area.2.Composition of the departmentFrom the genus level of the family,there are 9 families(42.85%),including 9 genera(11.84%);8 families with 2~5 genera have 8 families(38.10%),including 24 genera(accounting for 31.58%);multiple genera(including genus > 5)have 4 families,including 43 genera,accounting for 19.05% of the total number of families in the district,accounting for 56.58% of the total genera.From the species level analysis of the family,there are 7 families in a single family(33.33%);9 families(22.86%)in the oligospecies(2~9),35 species in 22 genera(26.12 of the total species)%);There are 5 families in various families(>9 species),accounting for 23.81% of the plant family in the area,but containing 92 species,accounting for 68.66% of the total number of plant species in the area.In summary,regardless of subordinate level or species level analysis,Gramineae(13 genera / 25 species),Compositae(1021),Cruciferae(11/19),Polygonaceae(9/15),Leguminosae(4/12),which is the dominant branch and main component of the area,and is dominant in the flora of the area.3.Composition characteristics of the genusThe structural composition of the genus is relatively simple,and there are only two species of genus and two species of genus of genus,and there are no genus and large genus.Among them,there are 47 genera in a single genus,accounting for 61.84% of the total genera,including 47 species accounting for 35.07% of the total species;genus genus(including 2-6 species)has 29 genera,accounting for 38.16% of the total genera,but It contains 87 species and accounts for 64.39% of the total species.The proportion of single species is higher,while the species of the genus are relatively more,indicating that the diversity of the genus is more abundant,but the number of species in the genus is relatively small.The relatively large genus mainly includes Oxytropis(6 species),Potentilla(6),Taraxacum(5)and Elymus(5).4.There are 4 types of life forms,mainly perennial herbs,89 species(66.42%);followed by 35 species(26.12%)of 1~2 year old herbaceous plants;5 species of shrubs and semi-shrubs each(each accounted for 3.73%).It shows the basic characteristics of the alpine meadow grassland.5.The plant ecotypes in this area are mainly mesophytes,with 99 species(accounting for 73.88%);secondly,21 species of dry plants(15.67%);the least number of wet plants,15 species(10.45%).6.Geographical characteristics of the fauna: Although the area of the study area is small,the geographical composition of the area is relatively complex,which can be divided into 8 types of distribution areas and 8 variants.The northern temperate zone is dominant,with 32 genera.(accounting for 55.17% in addition to the world distribution),the old world temperate composition has 11 genera(accounting for 18.96%),the Mediterranean component is 6 genera(10.36%);the Central Asia distribution is 5 genera(6.89%),and the East Asia and North America discontinuous distribution and temperate zone There are 2 genera in Asia(3.45% each),and there are few links with tropical components,only 1 genera(1.72%),indicating that the temperate nature is obvious.7.Among the 134 indigenous angiosperms in the area,there are only 17 species of weeds with weed nature.Because of their limited distribution and small quantity,there is no serious damage in this area.At the same time,no foreign areas have been found in the area.Invasive weeds and quarantine weeds,but the relevant departments still need to continue monitoring and prevention.