| Shibing Karst is a typical and complete karst landscape of dolomite developed on the oldest and relatively insoluble dolomite.It is typical of the Peak Canyon Karst and is the most typical example of the karst of dolomites in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.Shibing Karst has made unique contributions to the "South China Karst" and has extremely outstanding universal value which is embodied in its extraordinary aesthetic value,geological and geomorphological evolutionary value and biodiversity and ecological value.On the basis of reading a large number of books,consulting a large number of literature materials and field investigation,and through the project "Supported by the Science and Technology of the Shibing County People's Government in South China,South China Karst Shibing World Heritage Heritage Project",this paper,selected Shibing as the study area and focused on the values of Shibing site,constructed the index system of monitoring and evaluation of Shibing site by using the Delphi method,the Analytic hierarchy process(AHP)method,the Fuzzy assignment method,the Multi-objective linear weighted function comprehensive scoring method.And based on the pressure-state-response model,this paper evaluated the present situation of Shibing's protection and management,and put forward the early warning and feedback mechanism of Shibingsite,in order to establish a set of monitoring and evaluation system which is suitable for Shibing Karst.(1)This paper has selected 42 indexes to constructs monitoring and evaluation index system of Shibing site from the socio-economic development,natural disasters,tourism development,heritage value,ecological quality,environmental quality,research status,personnel quality,laws and regulations and other 11 aspects by using PSR model.Among them,the pressure factors includes 13 indicators led by socio-economic development,natural disasters,and tourism development,the state factors include 19 indicators guided by the heritage value,ecological quality,environmental quality,scientific research status,and personnel quality,and response factors contains 10 indicators led by laws and regulations,management levels,and capital investment.The indicator system constructed according to the pressures,status,and response of world heritage reflects the relationship between the natural,economic,and social factors of the site,reveals the human-land interaction chain,and forms the basic framework for the sustainable study of the site.Since the relationship among the three is interactive and changing,the indicator system should also change with the corresponding natural,social and economic factors.(2)By using the Delphi method and AHP to assess the importance of Shibing site's index,the stress factors within Shibing site are most important.Among the stress factors,tourism development is the most important factor in pressure fators,world heritage value is the most important factor in state factors,and in the response factors,the improvement and enforcement of laws and regulations is the most important one.Specifically,the geological and geomorphological evolution value and aesthetic landscape value are the basic reasons why Shibing karst can enter the World Heritage List,and from the perspective of the protection and development of heritage,to achieve the sustainable development of heritage sites,we must firstly proceed from the protection of heritage values,and protect the outstanding universal value of heritage and its “authenticity and integrity”.Tourism reflects the inevitable result of the development of tourism in heritage sites after the success of heritage declaration.The rational planning and utilization of the resources of World Heritage will be conducive to the sustainable development of heritage sites.The degree of perfection and implementation of laws and regulations reflect the state's protection of heritage.It is also an indicator that the protection and management of heritage sites should be given priority in reflecting the disasters that affect dolomite,the biodiversity that reflects ecological conditions,and the status of conservation of rare plants and animals,as well as the sources of funds that reflect the sources of funds for conservation of heritage sites.(3)Through field survey and questionnaire judgment,this paper concludes that the protection and management status of Shi Bing's heritage site is good by adopting the multi-objective linear weighted function comprehensive scoring method combined with fuzzy evaluation method.Specifically,among the pressure factors,the Shibing site should strengthen its monitoring and assessment of tourism development,collapse,freezing damage,heavy rain,infrastructure construction,and the level of highway construction.Among the state factors,besides the key protection of outstanding universal value,the Shibing site should strengthen the monitoring and protection of the soil and solid waste recycling of the site,the knowledge and attitudes of the stakeholders in the site,and the researches in the site.Among the response factors,Shibing site should expand the source of funds,encourag the participation and input of various investment institutions,widely call for community funds to be accessed,strengthen the cooperation with residents in surrounding communities,increase their publicity and education,and hire local residents to participate in the protection of heritage which will increase the sense of belonging to the community and promote the employment of community residents in the site.(4)According to the monitoring and assessment index system and rating scale standard of the world's natural heritage,the paper quantifies the comprehensive assessment of World Heritage conservation and management based on pressure,status,and response as scoring parameters for early warning in different grades,then proposes its status in different levels as the Shibing world natural heritage warning level state standard by dividing it into safety(green,>90),safer(blue,90~85),less secure(yellow,85~70),unsafe(orange,70~60),dangerous(red,<60).In addition,this paper builds a feedback mechanism from error feedback and target feedback to judge the results of monitoring and evaluation,and makes certain controls and adjustments on deviations from realistic goals or the implementation of deviations from targets.(5)The remaining six heritage sites in the “South China Karst” have the same outstanding universal value,economic and scientific value compared to the Shibing site and there are issues such as development and management,environmental quality protection,natural disasters,and management of community residents in the heritage sites which are similiar to Shibing site.Therefore,the monitoring and evaluation system and assessment method technology constructed in this paper can be used as a reference to the other six heritage sites in the “South China Karst”. |
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