Impact Of Ecological Cultivation Patterns For Young Camellia Oleifera Forest On Soil Physical And Chemical Characteristics And Surface Runoff

In this paper,Camellia oleifera forest from MinHou Tongkong Forest farm as the research object,with young Camellia oleifera and different crops as the experimental factors,with young Camellia oleifera intercropped none crops as a contrast,the district random allocated Cassia rotundifolia Pers,soybean,peanut,mungbean,cowpea and Chamaecrista nictitans six kinds of crops,thus forming six kinds of ecological cultivation model.Camellia oleifera in the young forest stage,the soil physical and chemical properties change is small,characteristics of soil and water loss and soil erosion is mainly due to the influence of intercropped crops growth.Therefore,this experiment without considering the influence of young Camellia oleifera forest,only consider the effects of the intercropped crops on soil characteristics and the runoff regulation.Correlation analysis and grey system analysis methods were used to analysis characteristics of soil and the surface runoff characteristics of runoff plots under different ecological cultivation model,so as to reveal the distribution of soil moisture and storage,as water flood type of soil and water conservation construction to provide a certain basis.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)According to seven different ecological cultivation model in the experimental zone studies have found that the same pattern between different soil layer,in addition to Camellia oleifera-peanut model,Camellia oleifera-soybean model and Camellia oleifera-mungbean model 3 kinds of models bottom's soil moisture content is higher than the surface,other legumes interplanting mode of soil moisture,soil bulk density,total porosity,aeration,maximum moisture capacity and drainage capacity all show the surface above the bottom;Same layers between the different modes 6 kinds of differential legumes interplanting mode generally improve the soil moisture,total porosity,aeration,maximum moisture capacity and drainage capacity,reduce soil bulk density.Look from the overall improvement effect of soil physical property,the effect of Camellia oleifera-Cassia rotundifolia Pers model to the best,followed by Camellia oleifera-Chamaecrista nictitans model and Camellia oleifera-cowpea model.(2)The same patterns between different soil layer,soil organic and total nitrogen are shown with the deepness of soil deepen gradually become smaller,the soil organic content among interlayer of change significantly;total phosphorus and total potassium general between 0 to 40cmsoil layer showed a trend of reduce the after the first increases;also have similar laws in available nutrients,available phosphorus and available potassium content decreased gradually with the deepness of soil deepen.Same layers between different in interplanting patterns,soil organic,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content is greater than control mode;in terms of soil organic,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium,Camellia oleifera-Cassia rotundifolia Pers model and Camellia oleifera-Chamaecrista nictitans model effect is better;in terms of soil available nitrogen and available potassium,Camellia oleifera-Cassia rotundifolia Pers model,Camellia oleifera-Chamaecrista nictitans model and Camellia oleifera-cowpea model effect is better,Camellia oleifera-soybean model and Camellia oleifera-mungbean mode effect is not obvious;in terms of soil available phosphorus,Camellia oleifera-peanut model effect is best,followed by Camellia oleifera-Cassia rotundifolia Pers model.(3)Through the research of the rainfall runoff evaluated found that compared with check plot,the different ecological cultivation patterns on the reduction rate of surface runoff,respectively,Camellia oleifera-Cassia rotundifolia Pers model(66.8%),Camellia oleifera-Chamaecrista nictitans model(53.2%),Camellia oleifera-soybean model(40.9%),Camellia oleifera-cowpea model(35.7%),Camellia oleifera-peanut model(32.3%),Camellia oleifera-mungbean model(15.2%).Can be seen from the surface runoff of the size of the order,the higher the vegetation coverage,the less the surface runoff.Through several different rainfall conditions of each cell surface runoff factor analysis show that different ecological cultivation measures to reduce runoff and sediment loads,and reduce the peak value of runoff have certain effect,and the stronger the vegetation coverage,the higher the role.