Evolutionary Game Analysis Of Shared Bike Cyclists' Opportunistic Behavior

With the Internet and the shared economy's rapid development,the shared bikes with the purpose of solving the "last kilometer" problem has emerged,and achieved vigorous development.The new feature of "no pile" has brought a better riding experience for the cyclists,and its popularity at the price let cyclists sought after.The establishment of shared bike is in line with the "supply-side reform" which is being actively promoted in our country.It's also in line with the low-carbon economic development and is of great significance to the construction of an energy-efficient and environment-friendly society.In a word,the shared bike is a project with both commonweal attributes and economic significance.As the shared bike is a new form of business,many problems have come into being,such as the insufficient supply of policy at the initial stage of development,defective operation mode and imperfect technical means,which lead to cyclists' malicious destruction and illegal use.Cyclists' illegal behaviour not only make the enterprise operation cost surge,but also may become the "last straw" to crush the enterprise.As the battle of the shared bike companies enters the second half,the goal of the enterprise is gradually changing from "staking" to the fine operation of business strategy.The governance of the cyclists' opportunistic behavior is not only the key to the companie' success,but also become a key constraint factor for sustainable development of shared economy model,which need to be solved urgently.This paper written from the stakeholder perspective creatively,analyzing the causes and stakeholders' role of the cyclists' opportunistic behavior by using the evolutionary game theory,and using numerical simulation method to verify the results above,in order to construct a scientific operation system for shared bike companies.On the basis of analyzing the cyclists' opportunistic phenomenon and introducing the relevant theoretical knowledge and literature review of evolutionary game,this paper identifies the main stakeholders related to cyclists' behavior selection.In this paper,two evolutionary game models of "cyclist-enterprise" and "cyclist-cyclist" are constructed to explore the game relationship between shared bike cyclists and enterprises under network externality,and " broken windows theory ".Besides,this paper devotes to finding the evolution paths of the game players,the conditions needed to achieve the ESS and the keyconstraints of the opportunistic behavior.In addition,the above conclusions are tested by Matlab.Finally,summarizes the findings,and puts forward strategic suggestions.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,the strategy choice of the cyclists depends on the selection of the initial state and the key parameters.Secondly,we find that the benefits of cyclists is the decisive factor in their behavior selection,it also means the original cause of cyclists' opportunistic behavior is its benefits are greater than those of normative behavior;Thirdly,the constraint mechanism of the enterprises can play an important role in regulating the cyclists' behavior,meanwhile,the constraint intensity will have a negative influence on the degree of cyclists' opportunistic behaviour;Fourth,the most important factors for enterprises are cost and punishment measures and network externalities.Accordingly,the government can build credit system,improve the relevant policy system,strengthen the mass media,public opinion and other propaganda efforts to guide cyclists to standardize their behavior.Enterprises can improve the benefits of cyclists' behavior by strengthening supervision,constructing scientific incentive and restraint mechanism and updating equipment.Industry associations can play a greater role in coordinating government and enterprises on issues such as scale,distribution,management and so on by setting standards for shared cycling groups.Finally,the win-win situation can be achieved and realizing sustainable development of shared bike undertaking.