Study On Menu-pricing For Controllable Load With Demand Response

In recent years, with the development of smart grid technology, two-way interaction between the smart grid and customers have become an important feature of the smart grid, the controllable load of demand side with the fast response ability has already highlighted the larger resource allocation benefit and energy-saving emission reduction potential. Demand response as an important means of demand side management, which uses the price signals to promote controllable load of demand side effectively to participate in the operation and management system, and through the incentives function of electricity price, it can mobilize the enthusiasm of user's demand response and optimizes the allocation of energy resources.However, the development of smart grid technology and demand response market operation has brought new challenges to the price decision, it needs to follow the technical features of the smart grid and must promote the active participation of user, and play to the end user's resource allocation ability and the potential of energy-saving emissions reduction, and realizes the harmonious development of energy, environment and economy. Therefore, for the controllable load resources of demand side, the design of reasonable and effective demand side price mechanism has important theoretical significance and application value.Based on the geographical dispersion, large number of controllable load involved in market trading quote information, this paper puts forward the system power supply cost minimum as the target of user types of discrete controllable load menu-pricing method. This method take the quotation of controllable load to participate in the market for clustering feature, realizes the controllable load demand response types of clustering. Consideration in the user's choice of uncertainty in the actual power operation, the user to choose a menu price of Bayesian discrete probability distribution is established, the controllable load power adjustment and compensation price are used as the menu options, and the corresponding menu combination for different types of users is designed. Through the example simulation IEEE-30 system, users will be divided into 5 types, and a menu price for 5 types of users is designed. By analyzing the menu price and fixed price system of the power supply cost and user total load reduction cutting, the results show that the proposed menu-pricing can save the cost of power supply system, and effectively promote the active participation of the user demand response programs and cut more load. At the same time, the model considers the minimum cost problem of batch decision of power under the maximum utilization of renewable energy, shows that the menu-pricing method will promotes the use of renewableenergy in a certain extent, and provides a theoretical reference for renewable energy access pricing and demand side management.Further, in order to characterize the preference behavior and consumer psychology of the user under a variety of price, the discrete choice theory of consumer preference is introduced.Considering the different consumer preferences of the user, a Multinomial logit model on the menu price discrete choice of users is established, which determines the users of the utility function for selection menu price. Then, the Maximum Likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the parameters of the user's utility function and calculate the probability of the user's choice of each menu price, and menu-pricing model of controllable load considering discrete choice is constructed. Finally, a modified IEEE-30 bus system is used to quantitatively evaluate the sensitivity of factors which influence the user to select and to analyze the impact of the discrete choice on the menu-pricing. The results show that menu-pricing considering discrete choice more close to the real choice behavior of users of electricity price, and it can better reflect the user preference on the different price, so that the menu-pricing can better meet the user's consumption preference and promote their active participation, and it has a certain reference value for the research on price mechanism under different consumer behavior.