| Recent years,the urbanization process is accelerating in our country,the urbanization level enhanced unceasingly as well,the urbanization rate reached 56.1% in our country in 2015 However,as the rapid advance of urbanization,the problems of high input,low output and high energy consumption and inefficiency is increasingly highlighted.When people focus on the urbanization rate rises,yet,the efficiency problem of urbanization has not been paid enough attention.The efficiency of urbanization is the measure and comparison of input and output elements in urbanization,it is also one of the important indicators to measure if the urbanization process is effective.reasonable measure of the efficiency of urbanization is of great significance in measuring the level and quality of urbanization.Chongqing city contains feature of metropolis,rural area,mountain area,ethnic minority areas.the dual structure contradiction between urban and rural extrudes,measuring the efficiency of urbanization in chongqing and exploring its correlation pattern on the space is of great significance to promote efficient use of regional resources and the sustainable healthy development of urbanization.This essay is based on 37 Chongqing counties as the study unit,this paper first summarizes the research achievements at home and abroad about the urbanization efficiency,systematically analyzes the present situation of literature research,methods,and the deficiencies;Secondly it expounds the basic concepts and related theories,confirms the measure evaluation system of input and output efficiency,based on considering the unexpected output of ultra-efficient SBM models,the paper measures the efficiency of urbanization in Chongqing objectively,scientifically and reasonably.Then according to the result,we have horizontal and vertical comparison,and analyze the four sections contrastively;At the same time,through input and output redundancy,the we analyze the reasons of urbanization efficiency loss,using the σ convergence,absolute β convergence,we have convergence analysis for the.Finally using exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA),we study the efficiency of urbanization space correlation pattern and propose the strategies and suggestions of urbanization efficiency.The main conclusions are as follows.(1)Over the past decade,except that the efficiency declined in 2008 & 2010,The average value of urbanization efficiency in Chongqing showed a general trend of increasing,and peaked in 2015.Among them,from 2006 to 2008,the urbanization efficiency of Chongqing decreased in the fluctuation,and even reached the lowest value in 2008,however,it has rebounded 2009.From 2009 to 2010,the urbanization efficiency of Chongqing declined briefly,After 2010,the efficiency of urbanization steadily increased,and in 2015 reached the highest since 2006.(2)Chongqing urbanization efficiency varies among the districts and counties,it shows big differences among the 4 districts.During ten years,there are 15 counties whose average efficiency is more than 1.There are 19 counties whose efficiency in Chongqing is lower than the average level.From 4 divisions: The efficiency value is the highest in regionⅠ,The second is region Ⅲ in the southeast and northeast of Chongqing,then the region.While the average efficiency value of Ⅱ area is the lowest.(3)Excessive discharge of industrial wastewater,Land input redundancy,Excessive discharge of industrial solid waste are the three most important factors that cause the loss of the overall urbanization efficiency in Chongqing,The input-output redundancy of area Ⅰ is mainly concentrated on industrial wastewater discharge,industrial solid waste discharge and investment in fixed assets.The main reason for the loss of urbanization efficiency in area Ⅱ is mainly Industrial wastewater discharge,Industrial Solid Waste Discharge and Land is redundant.The low urbanization rate of the region Ⅲ is the main reason for the low efficiency of urbanization,Meanwhile,the inefficient use of land and Excessive emissions of industrial waste water are responsible for restricting the efficiency of urbanization.The redundancy of industrial wastewater discharge in area Ⅳ is more prominent,Capital and labor investment can not maximize the effectiveness of the city which is also an important factor in improving the efficiency of the city.(4)The urbanization efficiency in Chongqing variation coefficient showed a rising trend in volatility from 2006 to 2010,After 2010,the variation coefficient is declining,Urbanization efficiency exists σ convergence,At the same time,there are more significant absolute β converges in Chongqing and 4 divisions.Explain that,without regard to the effects of space effects,the district which have low urbanization efficiency and low efficiency has a catch-up-trend to the ones which have high urbanization efficiency.As time goes by,the urbanization efficiency of the districts and counties will converge to a steady state.(5)The spatial distribution of the urbanization efficiency of the districts and counties in Chongqing is not random,But there is a spatial agglomeration effect.The space correlation efficiency of urbanization among counties enlarged from 2006 to 2009,it minimized the accumulative effect from 2010 to 2011,yet,it showed a trend of fluctuations in ascending from 2012 to 2015.High efficiency-high correlation area and low efficiency-low correlation zone take larger proportion,and present a rising trend in fluctuation,showed significantly high values agglomeration and low values agglomeration in the geographical spatial,Fengdu & Shizhu which are in the center of Three Gorges Reservoir have been the high value cluster center during the research period,and has a radiation tendency to the north and west.While the low cluster center which was in Kaizhou & Wanzhou,a northeast county,has transferred to Tongnan,a northwest county.(6)Based on the previous analysis of the efficiency of urbanization and spatial correlation pattern in Chongqing,the promotion strategy of urbanization efficiency is put forward,Mainly in the following four aspects: Chongqing should intensify its efforts to implement the sustainable development strategy,Promote the reform of land supply side,and promote the intensive use of construction land,At the same time,implement control policies of differentiated regional urbanization.Regional cooperation should also be strengthened,Enhance the radiation leading role of the central areas.And finally realize the coordination and sustainable development of urbanization in Chongqing. |
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