Research On The Interactive Relationship Between Rural Out-migration And Urban And Rural Construction Land Use Change

Since the reform and opening,our country had been undergoing dramatic urbanization which is a complex and multifaceted process,involving population from rural to urban migration,urban and rural land use conversion,space resource reconfiguration,transformation of government governance and so on,which is mainly embodied in the urbanization of object and population,that is,land urbanization and population urbanization.According to the national bureau of statistics data released at the end of 2014,China’s urbanization rate of 54.77%,includes 17.67% rural population whom living in the town more than half a year,in fact,the census register of urbanization rate was only 37.1%.The data also showed,in 2014,the "RARP" dwellers of city has reached 298 million,an increase of 9.44 million,and the floating population reached 253 million,an increase of 8 million.While the large number of rural population from the first industry transfer to the secondary and tertiary industries,they realized the shift from agriculture to non-agricultural.However,because of China’s urban and rural household registration,the rural workers who had no town census register was unable to enjoy the same treatment with urban residents in housing,health care,employment,social security,etc.;and because of the unique attributes of homestead and contracted land in Chinese countryside,that was treated as the most important family property inheritance to avoid the risk of the city.Thus,in the process of urbanization,which had formed an embarrassed characteristics that was "the rural population cannot go in,rural land cannot back out".In the long run,which was not conducive to the new-type urbanization in China.Rural outmigration as the behavioral agent to influence the urban and rural population structure and construction land structure,which was the crux to solve the problem.Therefore,there was an urgent need to study the relationship between rural out-migration and urban and rural construction land changes in the process of the urbanization.This paper chose Bishan region as study area which had been experienced a fast urbanization,regard population and land as study point.Firstly,studied the change characteristics of construction land and population from 2004 to 2014,with growth elasticity coefficient and elastic threshold judgment,valued the coordinated degree between urban and rural population-land relationship;Secondly,studied the change process of rural out-migration and construction land,analysis the relationship between the two of both,explored the influence rural out-migration exposed to construction land,in order to make the change mechanism between urban and rural “population system” and “construction land system” clear.Thirdly,with rural out-migration empirical research,analysis the willing degree of rural out-migration migrate into city and its influences,in order to provide a scientific analysis for rural out-migration whom go and back between urban area and rural area.Finally this paper draws the conclusions as follows: the process of the urbanization of rural population in our country to realize the civilization of providing scientific support.(1)In the process of rapid urbanization,the urban and rural population-land relation of Bishan region was imbalanced obviously.Under the trend of population presented to the center city,the urban construction land of average annual growth rate(10.89%)and that of rural construction land(0.42%)obviously was not coordinated.,got the result that the city population-land relationship of 12/13 of the town and the rural human-land relationship of 10/13 of the town in Bishan region was imbalanced.In addition,the spatial distribution of population-land relationship changes showed that,the evolution pattern of both the existence of high consistency.(2)The rural-out migration and urban and rural construction land change exist at the same time,and influenced each other.The relationship between them basically follows the path: the changes of population structure,economic structure transformation,the urban and rural construction land changes,reconstruction of rural-urban social structure.1)During the study period,rural labor in Bishan region transferred to city with an average annual growth rate of 1%,population structure change tendency for going to the center city continues to increase,the process of urbanization rate rising.At the same time,urban construction land expanded rapidly,in which industrial land,land for traffic and water conservancy facilities and urban green land was the fastest growth.However,rural construction land damped slowly.2)Through the estimation of Bishan region rural out-migration which was a total of 115900 people,of which the result of the land acquisition farmers turn to city population account for 42.29%.From the point of time and space sequence,the changes of rural out-migration and urban construction land showed a strong positive correlation,but rural construction land changes did not show significant correlation.3)The town of rural population shifted into presented a fast growing of urban construction land,and improvement of the degree of intensive utilization,mainly due to the place that rural population shift into was center city,so its rural construction land decreased obviously;while town of rural population transferred out,urban construction land growth slowly,and the rural construction land scale generally increased.(3)Based on the survey to rural-out migration in Chongqing Bishan area,sample data analysis showed that 59.3% of the rural-out migration were willing to become urban residents,92.8% of them choose in Bishan area nearby,40.7% of the rural-out migration were still willing to keep the rural registered residence.Binary Logistic regression results showed that the married,people worked in big cities,people had a high stability of urban living conditions,people had a high family income,people had more homestead land,homestead open to traffic was remote,whom was willing to become urban residents more,moreover,the proportion to different income level to the rural-out migration into the city was in the overall trends "inverted U".