The Study On Institutional Dilemmas And Strategic Suggestions On The Citizenization Of Agricultural Migrants

After the reform and opening-up, China's urbanization level has made a great development.In 2011, for the first time, the population of urban permanent residents surpassed rural population. Due to the constraints of related institutions, Chinese agricultural population is not able to transfer into urban citizens naturally. Instead, they have to go through the phase of migrant work before getting the citizenship in cities.As to the issue of C.hina's citizenization of agricultural migrants,the author analyzed and concluded that six factors, i.e. unequal household registration system, unbalanced social security system, rural/urban binary employment system, laggard land system reform, local government's impediment to reform, and cultural barrier,undermine the process of citizenization. Guided by the theories of institutional demand and supply and institutional equilibrium and disequilibrium,the author argues that China's citizenization reform is a process in which demand-supply disequilibrium turns into equilibrium after a series of institutional changes. Therefore, relevant supply-side reform should be taken to make up the insufficiency of supply, meet the needs of agricultural migrants and achieved the equilibrium.Based on the analyses of systematic barriers of China's citizenization process of agricultural migrants, the author conducted evolutionary analysis of system supply-and-demand equilibrium and comparative static analysis of systems. The research was guided by the development economics theories of Dual Economic Structure, Push - Pull and institutional economics theories of institutional change,and was implemented from the perspectives of "rurual out-flow","City in-flow" and policy implementation bodies. For the purpose of better identifying specific variables concerning citizenization, the author constructed an indicator system of citizenization institutions, consisting of 3 first-layer, 10 second-layer and 31 third-layer indicators. A model of institutional path and a correlation model of institutional variables were constructed as well. In order to measure specific influences of the institutions to the citizenization of agricultural migrants, the author adopted the principle of AHP to design an evaluation questionnaire, did a survey of 30 individuals, and weighted the influence of each variable. Based on the survey, the author conducted a cluster analysis to the mixed weight results of the second-layer and third-layer indicators, and clearly listed the levels and classifications of mixed weight results.It was identified that reforming local government in system implementation, family member registration in the household registration system, pension and health insurance in the social security system, employment range in the employment system and land circulation in rural land system. In response, based on analyses above, the author proposed strategic suggestions from five aspects: subjects who promote changes in institutions, household registration system, social security system, employment system and rural land system.