Research On The Inventory Decision Of Fresh Prodccts Under Stochastic Demand And O2O Model

With the improvement of people’s living standards and the convenience of online shopping,people’s demand for fresh products continue to increase.In addition to the fresh products have the traits of perishable,deterioration and short life cycle,they also have the features of regional and seasonal,the harsh condition of keeping fresh during the period of storage and transportation,the values of the fresh products are easy to be influenced by the freshness.Not only have the operators of the fresh products to face the problem of high cost of the cold chain logistics,but also have to solve the problem of the inventory decision of fresh products,generally speaking,the shelf life of the fresh products is relatively short,the sales cycle is relatively short,the fresh products also exist the situation of loss and deterioration.At the same time,due to the stochastic of consumer demand,if the inventories are too low,it may cause the shortage of stock,which not only causes the shortage cost,but also reduces the consumers’ shopping experience;if the inventories are too high,it can effectively avoid the phenomenon of out of stock,but it can reduce the freshness of fresh products,in addition to increasing the cost of cold storage inventory.So it is very important and significant to make a scientific and reasonable inventory decision of fresh products,which in order to make the economic profit maximize.The first,study on the inventory decision model of fresh products,which is sensitive to price and inventory level.There is a negative relationship between demand and price,with the price increase,the demand decrease,with the price decrease,the demand increase.At the same time,there is a positive correlation between demand and inventory level,the lower the inventory level,the lower the demand,the higher the inventory level,the higher the demand.The ordering cycle time of fresh products,the price of fresh products and the order quantity of fresh products as the decision variables,through the mathematical modeling to determine the optimal order cycle time of fresh products,the optimal price of fresh products and the optimal order quantity of fresh products,in order to make the fresh products’ average profit of per unit time to get a maximum value.Then,study on the model of the inventory decision of fresh products under the stochastic demand,in this model,mainly study on the inventory decision of fresh products under the stochastic demand considering the inventory service level.The study results show that it is not the inventory service level is higher,the better.When the inventory service level more than a quantitative,high inventory service level of economic benefits is not sufficient to offset the cost of inventory and other costs,which there is a situation of the marginal benefit is negative.So the operators of the fresh products should be based on the actual situation,make a scientific inventory decision,which in order to make the economic profit maximize.At the last,study on the inventory decision of fresh products under 020 model,in this model,online channel and offline channel adopt cooperative strategy,consumers can choose buy online,pick up or distribution offline,through online channel and offline channel integration,greatly enhance the consumers’ shopping experience.At the same time,mainly study on two kinds of inventory decision models:the centralized 020 inventory decision model and the decentralized 020 inventory decision model.Through the mathematical reasoning and the numerical analysis,some important management implications are obtained:in the 020 supply chain model,the operators of the fresh products in order to maximize the economic profit,they should do well in fresh products preservation work,which can increase the average price of fresh products at the end of the sale.Take effective measures to reduce the out of stock cost,to reduce the cost of cold chain distribution and the variable holding cost of fresh products,cold storage inventory,online channel and offline channel should strengthen the exchange of information and information sharing,in order to reduce the uncertainty of demand as much as possible,which has adversely affected on 020 supply chain.Meanwhile,in the decentralized 020 inventory decision model,online channel and offline channel should take a suitable profit sharing mechanism,so as to make the fresh products 020 supply chain more coordinated and stable.