Experimental Study On The Effects Of Different Sports Training On The Performance Of First-year Students

Objective: Study if the different sports have effect on executive function of the junior school students. And if it is, then research on the differences of the influence on the three aspects of executive function.Method : This study selected 179 students of junior one. The control group has 44 students; badminton group has 46 students; aerobics group has 45 students; basketball group has 44 students. Then there is an three-month experimental intervention with those junior grate one students. The Stroop task, 1-back task and more-odd shifting task were used to measure their inhibition function, refresh function and transformation function, the three sub-function of executive function. After the experiment, compared the formal measured data with the latter measured data, in order to know if there is a change of the students' executive function. And then compared the latter measured data to know the different influences by different sports on the three sub-function of executive function.Result:(1) Compared the data of before-test and after-test after experiment, and then,analyze the result. Select accuracy and RT as the two index of each task. First, in the Stroop task,the accuracy and RT of badminton group and aerobics group has been improved after experiment,while the control group has no change. And accuracy of basketball group has also improved , but RT hasn't change. Next, the two index of control group has also not changed in the 1-back task after experiment. Accuracy of the three experimental groups all have improved. RT of aerobics group has improved while badminton group and basketball group have no change. Finally, in the More-odd shifting task,the accuracy of three experimental groups has all improved. RT of badminton group and aerobics group have improved while basketball group has not changed. The control group has no change after experiment.(2) Compared the differences between the four groups. First, in the Stroop task,the consistent accuracy and inconsistent accuracy has very significant difference between control group and experimental groups.But there is no difference between the three experimental groups. RT of basketball group and control group haven't difference, so do the aerobics group and badminton group. But the aerobics group and badminton group have significant difference with control group and basketball group. It means that badminton and aerobics can improve those students' RT in the Stroop task. Second,accuracy of three experimental groups have huge significant with control group in the 1-back task. And there is no difference between three experimental groups. RT of aerobics group is shorter than badminton group, basketball group and control group. Badminton group,and there is no differences between basketball group and control group. Finally,compared the students'transformation function in the More-odd shifting task. The size correct rate of three experimental groups has no difference,but there is very significant difference between experimental groups and control group. The parity accuracy of aerobics group and basketball group are better than badminton group and control group. The effect of basketball group is best in mixing accuracy. There is no difference between badminton group and aerobics group. And the experimental groups are all better than control group.Badminton group, aerobics group and control group has no differences in RT, while basketball group has a significant improvement to those students.Conclusion: (1) The executive function of junior grate one students has been improved through three months of exercise training. (2) Different sports have different effects on the three sub-function of junior grate one students' executive function.Compared with basketball, badminton and aerobics is more effective to improve the students' inhibition. Aerobics can enhance students' refresh function better than badminton and basketball. Basketball is the best sport to enhance students' transformation function compared with badminton and aerobics.