| Conjectures and hypothesis is a very important part in scientific inquiry,it is a connecting link between the preceding and the following in scientific inquiry.If you want to improve students’ ability of scientific inquiry,it is necessary to strengthen attention to the ability of conjectures and hypothesis.But now,there is few of quantitative evaluation research about the ability of conjectures and hypothesis,and no a feasible evaluation standard is formed.In order to make educator know more about the students’ conjectures and hypothesis ability level and improve students’ ability of conjecture an hypothesis,this thesis want to do some preliminary work about the quantitative evaluation of conjectures and hypothesis ability.By analyzing and summarizing the domestic and foreign research results on the elements of physics conjecture and hypothesis ability,PTA evaluation scale and Physics Teaching,three elements of physical conjecture and hypothesis ability are obtained in this study: the ability to accept the facts and make hypotheses,the ability to present high quality hypotheses,and the ability to give reason for every hypotheses.These three components are treated as the first class indicators of "evaluation standard about the junior middle school students’ physics conjecture and hypothesis ability".Combining with the meaning and characteristics of the physical conjecture and hypothesis,eight second class indicators of the first are determined:acceptability,correlation,predictability,testability,scientificity,ingenuity,simplicity,rationality.After finishing evaluation standard of each index,the author uses the Delphi method to determine the weight coefficient of each index.Based on the requirements of Compulsory Education Physics Curriculum Standard(Edition),the related textbooks and other tests about students’ conjectures and hypothesis ability,the author completes the “junior middle school students’ conjectures and hypothesis ability test” and the “PTA evaluation scale about the junior middle school students’ physics conjectures and hypothesis ability”.Applying the scale in researching three Qufu junior middle schools in Shandong province,the author finds that junior middle school students’ ability of physical conjectures and hypothesis are in poor level.From the the first class indicators perspective,the ability to give reason for every hypotheses is really bad,but students have good ability to accept the facts and make hypotheses.From the the second class indicators perspective,the ability of predictability,ingenuity and rationality are bad.On the base of the analysis about the results,remind front-line physics teachers that they should strengthen the efforts to students’ ability of physics conjecture and hypothesis,especially predictability,ingenuity and rationality.Teachers can use the history of physics,enriching students’ knowledge and combining with other subjects and so on to develop the students’ ability of conjectures and hypothesis. |
