The Third Anglo-Afghan War Study In 1919

Afghanistan is a landlocked country in the hinterland of the Eurasia Continent. Because of the special geographical location, it has long been a vital region of the Eurasia Continent for human migration, conquest and trade. It is a hub area of land traffic between east and west, research scholars of the Silk Road regard Afghan as the "crossroads" of Eastern and Western civilizations. "The Great Game" that contested between Britain and Russian for supremacy in Central Asia made Afghan become a "buffer zone" of both parties in the 19th century. Afghanistan was adjacent to the crown jewel of Queen of England, India. Throughout the latter part of the 19th century, Russian advanced across Central Asia towards Afghanistan fuelled British fears about safeguarding their Indian possession. When Abdur Rahman and Habibullah were Ameers, the British managed Afghan foreign policy through the payment of a large subsidy. Habibullah was assassinated in February 1919, then his son Amanullah became King. In May 1919, Amanullah declared a jihad in the growing anti-British sentiment among the Afghan people, waged the third Anglo-Afghan war and won Afghanistan's independence.As far as the author is concerned the third Anglo-Afghan war was a anti-British war that Afghan took the initiative to fight for independence. The war started by Afghans, although British repulsed their attack on the battlefield, and as the war progressed British invaded Afghanistan. However, under the effects of various factors, the both sides finally agreed on truce negotiations. Finally, British gave up control of Afghan foreign affairs power, the Afghans were ultimately able to secured their strategic political goals and gained freedom and independence, this war also paved the way for modernizing reforms of Afghan for the future.Moreover, This war had such a profound effect on Britain and India. It exacerbated the domestic discontents of India, promoted development of Indian independence movement, and hastened the end of the British Empire rule in India.