The Impact Of The Depletion Of Chinese Civil Aviation Pilots On Safe Citizenship

Safety,being the greatest interests of aviation industry,is the eternal theme of the aviation industry.As the focus and the final operator of the civil aviation system,pilots are more sensitive to the safety situations of the complex organization.By conducting safety behaviors beyond their job descriptions,for instance,intervening to help others,initiating safety changes,and voicing safety concerns,pilots can help this complex social technical system to make a faster response and take more effective implementation in advance of the worsening state.As a breakingthrough with the traditional safety research perspective,safety citizenship behavior predicts the overall safety performance of the organization in terms of individual factors and extra-role responsibility.Just in coincidence with of modern aviation safety management system,safety citizenship behavior is an effective safety management practice,which keep the risk management ahead the safety accidents.Referring to the literature review,previous studies related to the mechanisms of the pilot work exhaustion and its impact on the safety behavior has always been a hot topic in the field of safety management.With the fast development of China's civil aviation industry,civil aviation pilots generally begin to appear a state of "exhaustion".In consideration of the understanding of job exhaustion and its negative effect on safety behaviors hasn't been greatly recognized,the Chinese civil aviation management system has not been incorporated into the civil aviation regulations and safeguard measures.In the first part,through interviews with 25 civil aviation workers in a state airline located in Northwest China,our study explored the sources of work exhaustion and its negative effects in the pilots' group.Based on the revision of the safety citizenship behavior questionnaire,and by incorporating the variable of exhaustion and work engagement,the second study aim to explore the impact of pilots' work exhaustion on different safety citizenship behaviors.In addition,with the complement of the civil aviation safety policy and the improvement of the monitoring method of the cockpit,the safety pressure has gradually become one of the sources of work pressure.With respect to safety attitudes' research in safety science only captured in its positive effect,this study will regard safety attitude as job demand and job resource at the same time to discuss the moderating role of safety attitude in the mechanism of the work exhaustion on safety citizenship behaviors.The results show that:(1)According to the depth interview for pilots,pilots of all levels represented varying degrees of work exhaustion.The source of the work exhaustion first comes from the work itself--work load,followed by the development of occupation pressure,salary pressure,safety pressure,family work conflict,work environment pressure,promotion pressure and management pressure.(2)Based on the Chinese cultural background,our study put forward a three-dimensional contructs:affiliative safety behaviors(ACBs,e.g.,helping others),proactive safety behaviors(PCBs,e.g.,initiating safety changes),and challenge safety citizenship behaviors(CCBs,i.e.,safety voice).(3)Work exhaustion was significantly negatively correlated with safety citizenship behaviors.(4)Work engagement played a partial mediating role between work exhaustion and safety citizenship behaviors.(5)In the first path,when safety attitudes were high,the negative relationship between exhaustion and work engagement was intensified.In the second path,when compared with PCBs and CCBs,we observed that only ACBs were encouraged by safety attitudes in the path of engagement SCBs.Based on the forementioned studies,the main conclusions are as follows.1.The higher the perceived degree of work exhaustion,the lower the pilots'willingness to participate in safe citizenship behavior.2.Work exhaustion exerted an influence on SCBs through the mediating effect of work engagement.3.Safety attitudes were evidenced to be a specific job demand that strengthened the negative relationship between exhaustion and engagement,the encouraging effect of job resources suggested that safety attitudes only targeted ACBs,not PCBs or CCBs.Based on the theory of occupational health psychology and safety science,and referring to the COR theory and JD-R model,this study investigated the factors that contribute to work exhaustion and its impact on the safety citizenship behaviors.Only in this way,can the safety management academia and civil aviation management promote their awareness of the above concepts,and give advice for the establishment of safety culture construction in the civil aviation safety department.