| With the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization in the plateau regions,the capacity of highway transportation has been greatly improved.The absolute number,the severity and the risks of road traffic accidents are much higher than those in other areas due to the special geological and meteorological environment in the plateau regions.At the same time,the related highway and traffic design standard is not applicable to the special geological and meteorological environment of the plateau regions because of the lack of fully considering the coupling effect of the complex geological and meteorological environment factors of highway traffic risks.Therefore,it is of great practical significance and theoretical value to study the influence of the geological and meteorological environment on the road traffic risks in the plateau regions.This research starts from the detailed original random sampling data of highway traffic accidents in Yunnan from 2010 to 2015,analyzing the definition,components of road traffic risk in the plateau regions and its risks factors coupling.Coupling effect of geological and meteorological environment on road traffic risks in the plateau regions is researched based on N-K model and improved coupling model.Based on the coupling characteristics of the geological and meteorological environment of Yunnan plateau regions,the preventive countermeasures are put forward to deal with the highway traffic risks.The main contents of this paper include the following aspects:(1)Distribution characteristics of highway traffic accidents in the plateau regions—taking Yunnan as an example.In this paper,the data of 6261 road traffic accidents in Yunnan province from 2010 to 2015 were collected,and the data were classified and analyzed,obtaining the number of accidents,deaths and injuries in the distribution of time,road grades,accident forms,weather conditions,road conditions,road surface conditions,traffic facility conditions,lighting conditions and the severity of the accident etc.,as the basis of the analysis of the highway traffic risk factors,and the data base of the coupling analysis and the application case,to ensure that the full text is representative and truly reliable.(2)The connotation,main types and characteristics of highway traffic risks in the geological and meteorological environment of the plateau regions are defined.The risk factor set of highway traffic in the geological and meteorological environment of the plateau regions is constructed,which is the basis of the coupling model and to provide a structural basis for the following analysis.(3)Highway traffic risks coupling model in the plateau geological and meteorological environment is constructed using improved classical coupling model and N-K model.Taking Yunnan plateau regions as a case study,the coupling degree of each component in the model is calculated,and the risk degree of each coupling is quantified,and the conclusion is that in the geological environmental risk elements,the coupling of "sharp turns" with other elements is usually strong coupling and in the meteorological environmental risk elements,the coupling degree of the "rain" and"fog" with other elements is high.As time goes on,the number of strong coupling declined from 10 to 7 and the coupling degrees show a significant downward trend,and the degree of risk resulting from the coupling of the elements from 2012 to 2015 is declining.And this is consistent with the actual situation in recent years that highway traffic safety situation continues to improve through more scientific and effective planning,design and management in Yunnan plateau regions,which verifies the applicability of the model.(4)Taking Yunnan plateau regions as an example,based on the factors of drivers,vehicle,road environment and its management,the preventive countermeasures of highway traffic risks in the plateau regions are put forward. |
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