Vulnerability Assessment Of Heavy Rain Disasters In Mountainous Scenic Spots

Our country began to develop mountain tourism resources from a long time ago,and formed its own unique characteristics of mountain tourism,provided a great help to the economic and social development of the tourist destination.In China,many mountain scenic spots,due to geological and geomorphological features,climate and hydrological characteristics,are in the climate or ecological sensitive areas,the development of tourism in tourism area is often disturbed by a series of natural hazards,such as floods,earthquakes,mud rock flow and so on.Vulnerability assessment plays an important role in the risk assessment of rainstorm hazard.Vulnerability is the premise of understanding the nature of the rainstorm hazard,as well as in human beings can make a difference in the process of rainstorm hazards prevention and mitigation.In order to reduce rainstorm hazard losses,reduce the vulnerability of hazard-affected body is a very direct method.Qinling Mountains as China's important geography and climate boundaries in the climate transition zone,causes the weather is fickle,frequent rainstorm hazards,and thus affect the Qinling Mountains scenic tourism development.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to evaluate the vulnerability of Qinling Mountains mountain scenic spots.In this study,through a large number of theoretical literature,to understand the current status of research on vulnerability of natural disasters at home and abroad and the research progress of vulnerability assessment,combined with mountain scenic area tourism features,from the sensitivity,response capacity and resilience three aspects to select the rainstorm hazard vulnerability evaluation indexes,construct mountain rainstorm hazard vulnerability evaluation index system of ecological scenic spot;Using the subjective and objective comprehensive weighting method(Entropy-the Analytic Hierarchy Process)to determine the weight of the evaluation index,and the evaluation index points;Based on the theory of natural hazard risk assessment and the theory of natural hazard vulnerability,constructed the evaluation model of rainstorm hazard vulnerability in mountain spot,calculated the vulnerability of the rainstorm hazard in the area of Golden gorge scenic spot,Cuihua mountain scenic spot and Huayang townscenic spot;using GIS grid method and spatial interpolation method,constructive the spatial unit of mountain ecological area i,and obtain the vulnerability value of rainstorm disaster in different scenic spots,and carry out the vulnerability assessment.This study mainly includes the following four aspects:(1)The construction of evaluation index system for rainstorm hazard vulnerability of mountain scenic spots.Through access to relevant information and consulting relevant experts in the field,with mountain tourism features,selective 18 evaluation factors from the sensitivity,response capacity and resilience of three aspects,constructive mountain area rainstorm hazard vulnerability evaluation index system.(2)Determination of the weight of the evaluation index of the rainstorm hazard vulnerability.The determination of the index weight is very important for the evaluation of the vulnerability of the storm disaster,which is related to the correctness of the evaluation results.In this study,we use the subjective and objective weighting method(Entropy-the Analytic Hierarchy Process)to determine the weight of the evaluation index by comparing the various weighting methods,can avoid the error of the evaluation results as soon as possible.(3)The evaluation of the vulnerability of the rainstorm hazard in mountain scenic spots is as follows:?Golden gorge scenic spot:sensitivity lower line in the scenic spot is the source of Danjiang,the sensitivity of the white dragon gorge,the black dragon gorge and Shiyan Village close to,relatively high;response capacity white dragon gorge is the high line,the second is the black dragon gorge,Shiyan Village and response capacity of the source of Danjiang relatively weak;high resilience of the line is the Black Dragon Gorge,followed by Shiyan Village,followed by the White Dragon Gorge,the source of Danjiang relatively weak resilience.Scenic vulnerability is relatively high line is the source of Danjiang,followed by the white dragon gorge and Shiyan Village,the last vulnerability the black dragon gorge is relatively low.?Cuihua mountain scenic spot:Scenic areas are more sensitive to the mountain collapse Branch Road,followed by landslides and seabed scenic area,followed by Tianchi scenic area,mountain climbing adventure and Bishan Lake scenic area less sensitive;response capacity is higher Tianchi scenic area,followed by landslides and seabed scenic area,followed by Bishan Lake area,mountain climbing adventure and landslide Kao Tao's response capacity is relatively weak;Scenic areas of high resilience is Tianchi scenic area,followed by landslides and seabed scenic area,followed by climbing adventure Road and landslide Kao Road,the weakest restoration is the Bishan Lake area.Scenic areas of the higher vulnerability is the mountain landslide expedition,followed by landslides and seaside scenic area,followed by Bishan Lake Scenic Area,mountain climbing adventure and Tianchi scenic vulnerability is relatively low.?Huayang town scenic spot:High sensitivity is Hong Ya Gou red tourism routes,tourism is the next line Luo Tang Road Ecological sensitivity,Yuanyang river wild animal ornamental lines relatively weak Huayang street;response capacity is higher then Huayang streets,tourist routes,Luo Road Ecological drama,followed by the Yuanyang river wild animal ornamental lines,coping ability is the weakest Hong Ya Gou red tourism routes;the resilience in the area is high Huayang streets,next is Yuanyang river wild animal ornamental lines,the relatively weak recovery of red tourism lines and Hong Ya Gou Tang Luo road ecological tourist routes.Within the scenic area of the highest vulnerability is Hong Ya Gou red tourism routes,tourism is the next line Luo Road Ecological drama,followed by Yuanyang river wild animal ornamental lines,the vulnerability of the lowest Huayang streets.? Analysis on Influencing factors of rainstorm hazard in the same scenic spot:the main influencing factor of the vulnerability of the rainstorm hazard in the Qinling Mountain area is the sensitivity,response capacity and resilience,which are the secondary influencing factors of the rainstorm disaster vulnerability evaluation,but its influence can not be neglected.? Comparison of vulnerability of different scenic spots:The rainstorm hazard in the Qinling Mountain scenic spot are in a state of high sensitivity,medium response capacity,medium partial resilience and high vulnerability.(4)According to the Qinling Mountains mountain scenic spot rainstorarm hazard vulnerability assessment results,puts forward some countermeasure to reduce rainstorm hazard vulnerability:?strengthen the construction of the scenic area facilities;?enhance the rainstorm disaster consciousness of the scenic area;?establish and perfect the rainstorm disaster emergency management agencies;?strengthen scenic spot repair ability.